[미국 물리치료사] NPTE 문제은행 1000

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1,000 문제

• With the knee extended, a therapist applies a valgus force with internal tibial rotation a…
• With both hips flexed to 45 degrees and knees to 90 degrees, the tibial tubercle on one si…
• A knee shows valgus laxity at 30 degrees of flexion but is stable in full extension. This …
• In prone with the knee at 90 degrees, pain increases with axial compression and rotation b…
• A therapist applies pressure just proximal to the lateral femoral epicondyle while the kne…
• With the patient supine and the limb relaxed, passive internal and external rotation of th…
• Proximal interphalangeal flexion is limited when the metacarpophalangeal joint is held in …
• Sustained wrist flexion for one minute reproduces tingling in the thumb, index, and middle…
• Before an invasive procedure at the wrist, a clinician compresses both the radial and ulna…
• A thrower reports medial elbow pain reproduced between 120 and 70 degrees as the elbow is …
• Resisted shoulder forward flexion with the elbow extended and the forearm supinated reprod…
• A therapist applies a posteroanterior spring force to individual ribs with the patient pro…
• Combined lumbar extension, side bending, and rotation toward the symptomatic side reproduc…
• A therapist marks a point at the lumbosacral junction and another 10 centimeters above it,…
• With the cervical spine held in full flexion, rotation is measured to each side and found …
• A supine patient lifts the head slightly with the chin tucked and holds the position while…
• A prone patient with the pelvis fixed at the table edge holds the unsupported trunk horizo…
• A patient holds a side bridge position on the elbow and feet with the hips lifted. Compari…
• During a single-leg squat, the knee moves medially past the great toe with contralateral p…
• A lateral step-down from a 20 centimeter step is used PRIMARILY to assess:
• A patient stands on one limb and reaches as far as possible in three directions with the o…
• Compared with manual muscle testing, hand-held dynamometry offers the ADVANTAGE of:
• Using two inclinometers during trunk forward bending, one at the sacrum and one at the tho…
• A figure-of-eight tape measurement around the ankle is used PRIMARILY to:
• The difference in navicular height between subtalar neutral sitting and relaxed standing i…
• Passive extension of the great toe with the foot flat on a step reproduces pain at the pla…
• During active prone hip extension, marked lumbar extension occurs before any visible glute…
• A laterally directed force on the patella with the knee near extension produces a strong s…
• The Q-angle is formed by lines drawn from the anterior superior iliac spine to the center …
• A patient stands on one flexed knee and rotates the body internally and externally while t…
• With the ankle in slight plantar flexion, the calcaneus is drawn forward on the fixed tibi…
• Tapping posterior and inferior to the medial malleolus produces tingling radiating into th…
• Transverse compression of the forefoot reproduces a sharp burning pain between the third a…
• Before applying cervical manual therapy after trauma, testing of the transverse and alar l…
• A therapist measures the force generated with the thumb pad against the pads of the index …
• A skeletally immature athlete has tenderness directly over the distal fibular physis after…
• An adolescent reports vague knee pain with intermittent catching and an effusion after act…
• A 6-year-old child has a painless limp with limited hip abduction and internal rotation, a…
• An overweight 13-year-old has hip and thigh pain with the limb resting in external rotatio…
• A 12-year-old athlete has a tender prominence at the tibial tuberosity that worsens with j…
• A 10-year-old runner reports posterior heel pain reproduced by medial and lateral compress…
• A youth baseball pitcher reports medial elbow pain during throwing with tenderness over th…
• An adolescent has a rigid thoracic kyphosis that does not correct with extension, and imag…
• Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is quantified on radiographs by measuring the angle betwee…
• Several weeks after a severe thigh contusion, a patient has a firm palpable mass with prog…
• Weeks after an open tibial fracture, a patient has persistent deep pain, local warmth, and…
• A patient with long-standing diabetic neuropathy has a warm, swollen, red foot with a norm…
• An older adult has bowing of the tibia, an enlarging hat size, and a markedly elevated alk…
• An older adult has progressive thoracic back pain unrelieved by rest with anemia, elevated…
• A patient with skin plaques has swelling of an entire finger with nail pitting and morning…
• A young adult develops asymmetric lower limb joint pain with heel enthesitis, conjunctivit…
• Which feature set BEST characterizes fibromyalgia?
• An adult on long-term high-dose corticosteroids develops progressive groin pain with limit…
• A dancer reports an audible snap felt deep in the anterior groin during active hip extensi…
• A soccer player reports lower abdominal and proximal adductor pain aggravated by sprinting…
• Which description BEST characterizes cam type femoroacetabular impingement?
• A patient reports ulnar-sided wrist pain with clicking during forearm rotation and grippin…
• After a fall on the outstretched hand, a patient has dorsal wrist pain with tenderness jus…
• A young adult manual worker reports central dorsal wrist pain with reduced grip strength, …
• A patient has a painless palmar nodule with a cord extending to the ring finger and progre…
• A finger shows flexion at the proximal interphalangeal joint with hyperextension at the di…
• After a ball struck the fingertip, a patient cannot actively extend the distal interphalan…
• A skier falls with the pole in hand and now has instability with valgus stress at the thum…
• A patient has abrupt severe shoulder pain with marked guarding of all motion, and imaging …
• An overhead athlete has posterior shoulder pain with deltoid atrophy and numbness over the…
• After a direct blow to the shoulder, a patient has medial clavicular pain with hoarseness …
• A patient with mid-back pain develops progressive bilateral leg weakness, a band-like sens…
• A distance runner reports anterior pelvic pain at the midline that worsens with running an…
• A patient with knee osteoarthritis develops sudden calf pain and swelling with bruising ne…
• After an axial load on a plantar flexed foot, a patient has midfoot swelling with plantar …
• Compared with an avulsion fracture at the tuberosity, a fracture at the metaphyseal-diaphy…
• Compared with prolonged rigid immobilization after stable ankle fracture fixation, early p…
• Early functional rehabilitation after Achilles tendon repair MOST typically involves:
• A thrower has a marked internal rotation deficit with tight posterior shoulder structures.…
• Alternating isometric resistance applied in multiple directions without allowing joint mov…
• Craniocervical flexion training for a patient with neck pain is performed MOST appropriate…
• Which combination has the BEST support for cervicogenic headache?
• Initial conservative management of neurogenic thoracic outlet symptoms MOST appropriately …
• A counterforce strap applied just distal to the lateral epicondyle is intended to:
• A patient with an ulnar-sided wrist injury is progressing a loading program. Which progres…
• Early protected motion protocols after flexor tendon repair in the hand are used PRIMARILY…
• Non-operative management of a hip labral tear with associated impingement morphology MOST …
• Which advice is MOST appropriate early in a loading program for gluteal tendinopathy?
• Progressive adductor strengthening in athletes with long-standing groin pain is used PRIMA…
• Patellar taping for patellofemoral pain is BEST described as:
• After knee surgery, a patient cannot fully activate the quadriceps despite intact nerve su…
• After a cartilage restoration procedure on the femoral condyle, early rehabilitation MOST …
• A therapist applies a sustained posterior glide to the talus while the patient actively lu…
• Which exercise approach has support for chronic plantar heel pain?
• Motor control exercise for chronic low back pain is BEST characterized as:
• Compared with lumbar fusion, rehabilitation after an isolated lumbar decompression typical…
• Initial management of a young athlete with symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis MOST appropria…
• Which approach is MOST appropriate in the first weeks after an acute osteoporotic vertebra…
• A runner recovering from a lower limb injury is starting a return to running program. Whic…
• Including a planned reduction in training load every few weeks during a long rehabilitatio…
• A patient with low back pain shows aberrant movement, a positive prone instability test, a…
• Compared with rigid athletic tape, elastic therapeutic tape is BEST described as:
• Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization is MOST appropriately positioned in a plan of…
• Which exercise emphasis is MOST appropriate for a patient with generalized joint hypermobi…
• Compared with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty, rehabilitation after reverse shoulder …
• An abduction pillow sling is used after rotator cuff repair PRIMARILY to:
• A patient with adhesive capsulitis receives an intra-articular corticosteroid injection. P…
• Before adding plyometric loading to a lower limb rehabilitation program, the patient shoul…
• When progressing an athlete toward cutting sport, the MOST appropriate sequence is:
• Which criterion is MOST appropriate before resuming running after a low-risk bone stress i…
• Long axis distraction mobilization applied to a painful osteoarthritic hip is used PRIMARI…
• Which exercise progression BEST targets the serratus anterior for a patient with scapular …
• Before a therapist uses dry needling in practice, the MOST important consideration is:
• When applying blood flow restriction training, cuff pressure is MOST appropriately set:
• A balance test organized into sections for anticipatory postural control, reactive postura…
• A questionnaire asking how confident a patient feels about not losing balance during speci…
• The five times sit to stand test is MOST directly a measure of:
• A scale that grades static sitting balance, selective trunk movement, and dynamic sitting …
• The nine-hole peg test is used PRIMARILY to quantify:
• A test in which the patient moves as many blocks as possible over a partition in one minut…
• A patient scores well on a clinic-based upper limb capacity test but rarely uses the arm a…
• A standardized battery that times a series of arm and hand tasks and grades movement quali…
• A six-level scale grading overall disability from no symptoms through requiring constant c…
• A standardized scale that grades auditory, visual, motor, oromotor, communication, and aro…
• A test requiring the patient to connect numbers and letters in alternating sequence as qui…
• A patient asked to draw a clock face places all the numbers crowded on the right side of t…
• A patient consistently marks the midpoint of horizontal lines well to the right of the tru…
• Testing the ability to distinguish a sharp from a dull stimulus assesses which pathway?
• A therapist passively moves the patient's great toe and asks the patient to describe the d…
• A 128 hertz tuning fork placed on a bony prominence is used to test:
• Flicking the nail of the middle finger produces flexion of the thumb and index finger. Thi…
• A patient cannot move one eye downward and laterally, and reports double vision when looki…
• During confrontation testing, a patient misses targets in the left half of the visual fiel…
• A tuning fork placed on the vertex lateralizes to the right ear, and bone conduction excee…
• A patient reads two or more lines worse on an eye chart while the head is oscillated horiz…
• A supine roll test is performed when the Dix-Hallpike is negative but positional vertigo p…
• During stance on the weak limb, a patient leans the trunk laterally over that limb rather …
• A patient with hemiparesis shows knee hyperextension during midstance. Which impairment MO…
• Stride length is BEST defined as the distance between:
• Assessment of how far a patient can lean in each direction without stepping or reaching me…
• A small slow perturbation while standing on a firm wide surface is MOST commonly countered…
• With the patient sitting and the lower leg released from horizontal, the leg swings only b…
• When resistance to elbow flexion is suddenly released, the patient's arm strikes the chest…
• Turning an infant's head to one side produces extension of the limbs on the face side and …
• Which sequence of gross motor milestones is in the CORRECT typical developmental order?
• An observational infant motor scale that scores spontaneous movement in prone, supine, sit…
• Preserved sensation in the perianal region after spinal cord injury is important because i…
• A patient describes the sudden onset of the worst headache of their life that reached maxi…
• An older adult taking an anticoagulant has had gradually worsening confusion and mild left…
• After a blow to the temple, a patient briefly loses consciousness, recovers and converses …
• Which combination of vital sign changes MOST suggests rising intracranial pressure?
• A child with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt develops headache, vomiting, irritability, and i…
• A patient reports focal neurologic symptoms that have worsened steadily over two months wi…
• After a focal seizure, a patient has transient weakness of one limb that resolves over sev…
• A seizure continues for more than five minutes without recovery of consciousness. This sit…
• A patient with a long history of alcohol use develops confusion, eye movement abnormalitie…
• A patient with pernicious anemia develops loss of vibration and position sense with spasti…
• A young adult reports occipital headache worsened by coughing and straining, with new hand…
• A patient has loss of pain and temperature sensation across both shoulders and upper arms …
• Compared with a cauda equina lesion, a conus medullaris lesion is MORE likely to produce:
• Which finding MOST supports a brachial plexus lesion rather than a single cervical radicul…
• A newborn has weakness of shoulder abduction and elbow flexion with the arm held adducted …
• After prolonged bed rest with the legs externally rotated, a patient develops foot drop wi…
• A patient reports burning numbness over the anterolateral thigh with normal strength and r…
• Compared with Guillain-Barre syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy i…
• After a prolonged intensive care stay with sepsis and mechanical ventilation, a patient ha…
• A patient has proximal limb weakness that temporarily improves after brief maximal exertio…
• An older adult has slowly progressive weakness that is greatest in the finger flexors and …
• An infant has profound hypotonia with tongue fasciculations, absent reflexes, and preserve…
• An adolescent has progressive gait ataxia with absent lower limb reflexes, impaired positi…
• A patient has fluctuating cognition, recurrent well-formed visual hallucinations, and park…
• A patient in their fifties shows marked personality change, disinhibition, and loss of emp…
• Which course is MOST characteristic of vascular cognitive impairment?
• A patient with parkinsonian features also has severe early orthostatic hypotension, urinar…
• A patient develops symmetric bradykinesia and rigidity within weeks of starting an antipsy…
• A patient reports an urge to move the legs with uncomfortable sensations that appear at re…
• Compared with a complete injury, an incomplete spinal cord injury classified with preserve…
• Early after stroke, which finding is MOST strongly associated with a favorable prognosis f…
• Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is particularly valuable in acute stroke bec…
• Shortly after a patient receives intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke, which chang…
• Robotic assistance during gait training carries the risk that:
• Virtual reality based training is MOST likely to benefit motor recovery when it:
• Task-specific circuit class training after stroke is MOST useful because it:
• Bilateral arm training after stroke involves:
• Electromyography-triggered electrical stimulation differs from standard stimulation becaus…
• Sensory retraining for a patient with impaired tactile discrimination after stroke MOST ap…
• Action observation therapy involves having the patient:
• Progressive resistance training for a patient with Parkinson disease is MOST appropriately…
• Tai chi is used in balance programs PRIMARILY because it provides:
• Partnered dance programs for Parkinson disease are thought to help MAINLY because they com…
• Progressive resistance training for a patient with multiple sclerosis is MOST appropriatel…
• Inspiratory and expiratory muscle training in progressive neuromuscular disease is used PR…
• A device that delivers a positive pressure breath followed by a rapid switch to negative p…
• Functional electrical stimulation cycling for a patient with spinal cord injury is used PR…
• Which consideration is MOST important before beginning powered exoskeleton gait training a…
• Which propulsion technique BEST protects the shoulder of a long-term manual wheelchair use…
• A patient with a mid-thoracic complete spinal cord injury is learning to roll independentl…
• Current evidence about stretching alone for preventing contracture in people with neurolog…
• For a patient with bilateral vestibular hypofunction, substitution strategies MOST appropr…
• Compared with the canalith repositioning maneuver, the liberatory maneuver for posterior c…
• A patient with persistent post-concussion dizziness and neck pain has positive cervical an…
• A patient in a confused and agitated stage after traumatic brain injury becomes increasing…
• A patient can walk safely alone but becomes unsteady when talking. Which training approach…
• Intensive training programs for Parkinson disease that repeatedly cue high-effort output a…
• A graded motor imagery program for persistent neuropathic pain typically progresses in whi…
• After surgical repair of a peripheral nerve, the timing of motor re-education is guided MA…
• Which modification is MOST appropriate for a patient with Huntington disease and prominent…
• Movement provided by a horse during hippotherapy is used PRIMARILY because it delivers:
• An infant with congenital muscular torticollis holds the head tilted to the right with the…
• Which activity modification is MOST appropriate for a child with Down syndrome and documen…
• Which pair of principles BEST describes how practice drives neuroplastic change?
• The apical pulse in a healthy adult is MOST typically palpated at the:
• During auscultatory blood pressure measurement, the systolic value is recorded at the poin…
• An exaggerated fall in systolic blood pressure during inspiration is MOST associated with:
• Using a common four-point pulse grading scale, a pulse described as diminished and barely …
• Squeezing the calf or dorsiflexing the ankle to test for deep vein thrombosis is NOT recom…
• A patient says a sustained vowel while the therapist auscultates, and the sound heard chan…
• Percussing to locate the level of resonance change at the posterior chest during full insp…
• Measuring peak cough flow in a patient with neuromuscular weakness is MOST useful for:
• During inspiration, a patient's abdomen moves inward while the chest expands. This pattern…
• A patient with severe dyspnea leans forward with the arms braced on the knees. This positi…
• After the leg is elevated and then lowered to a dependent position, the superficial veins …
• A limb becomes pale with elevation and develops a deep red color when placed in a dependen…
• A whooshing sound heard over the carotid artery during auscultation MOST suggests:
• On a rhythm strip recorded at standard speed, a regular rhythm with 5 large boxes between …
• A slower than expected fall in heart rate during the first minute after exercise is MOST a…
• Pulse pressure is calculated as:
• A clinical decision rule for deep vein thrombosis is used PRIMARILY to:
• A patient recovering from hip surgery suddenly develops pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, and…
• A patient with hypertension reports abrupt severe tearing chest pain radiating to the back…
• A young athlete reports exertional syncope and a family history of sudden cardiac death, w…
• Which feature MOST suggests pericarditis rather than myocardial infarction as the cause of…
• A patient develops hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds. This combi…
• A patient with a prosthetic heart valve develops persistent fever, new fatigue, and small …
• Which combination of defects characterizes tetralogy of Fallot?
• A patient reports years of daily production of large volumes of purulent sputum with recur…
• Over an area of significant pleural fluid, the examiner would MOST expect to find:
• A patient develops sudden severe dyspnea with absent breath sounds on one side, tracheal d…
• A patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis would MOST likely show which pulmonary functi…
• A long-term smoker reports shoulder and medial arm pain with hand intrinsic weakness, a dr…
• A patient on diuretic therapy has a low serum potassium level. Which implication is MOST i…
• A patient taking digoxin reports nausea, visual disturbance with yellow-green halos, and c…
• Compared with antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulant therapy differs MAINLY in that it:
• A patient with a continuous flow left ventricular assist device may have:
• A rate-responsive pacemaker adjusts the paced heart rate based on:
• An older adult reports new temporal headache with scalp tenderness, jaw pain while chewing…
• The maintenance phase of cardiac rehabilitation is BEST characterized by:
• Which precaution is MOST important during exercise for a patient with a left ventricular a…
• When prescribing exercise for a patient with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator, th…
• Regular aerobic exercise in a patient with hypertension MOST typically produces:
• Which exercise principle is MOST appropriate for a patient with pulmonary arterial hyperte…
• Applying noninvasive ventilatory support during exercise in severe chronic lung disease is…
• Autogenic drainage clears secretions by having the patient:
• A vest that delivers rapid external compressions to the thorax assists secretion clearance…
• For a patient prescribed both an inhaled bronchodilator and airway clearance, the MOST app…
• Which finding MOST indicates that mobilization should be deferred in an intensive care pat…
• Early mobilization of a patient receiving mechanical ventilation is BEST described as:
• Which intervention MOST directly reduces postoperative pulmonary complications after major…
• Which strategy BEST reduces exercise-induced bronchoconstriction during a therapy session?
• A physical therapist's MOST appropriate role in smoking cessation is to:
• Resistance training in a stable cardiac rehabilitation patient is MOST appropriately perfo…
• Interval training is often preferred over continuous training in heart failure because it:
• An adequate warm-up before exercise in a patient with stable angina is important because i…
• A patient is starting rehabilitation after a pulmonary embolism treated with anticoagulati…
• Single-limb or small muscle mass training is sometimes used in severe chronic obstructive …
• Neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the quadriceps in a patient with severe chronic lu…
• A therapist compares skin temperature between corresponding sites on both feet using the b…
• A wound bed is described as yellow with soft moist adherent material covering most of the …
• The skin immediately surrounding a wound appears white, wrinkled, and softened. This findi…
• Wound drainage that is thick, opaque, and yellow-green with an odor MOST suggests:
• Toe pressure or transcutaneous oxygen measurement is particularly useful in patients with …
• Which combination of skin findings MOST suggests chronic arterial insufficiency in the low…
• Intact skin over the heel shows a persistent deep purple discoloration that does not blanc…
• After removal of an adhesive dressing, the skin shows a rectangular area of erythema and s…
• Which feature MOST distinguishes moisture-associated skin damage from a pressure injury?
• An older adult sustains a traumatic wound in which a flap of skin has partially separated …
• A patient has rapidly spreading skin discoloration with pain far out of proportion to the …
• A patient reports burning pain followed by grouped vesicles confined to a single dermatoma…
• Which feature of a pigmented skin lesion MOST warrants referral for evaluation?
• A patient with diabetes has scaling and fissuring between the toes with itching. Why is th…
• A calcium alginate dressing is MOST appropriate for a wound that is:
• A foam dressing is MOST appropriately selected when the goal is to:
• A transparent film dressing is MOST appropriate for:
• Enzymatic debridement is BEST described as a method that:
• Before performing selective sharp debridement, the MOST important consideration for a phys…
• Pulsed lavage with suction is used in wound care PRIMARILY to:
• A patient who cannot reposition independently and has an existing pressure injury on the s…
• Silicone gel sheeting applied to a healed hypertrophic scar is thought to work MAINLY by:
• Which feature MOST distinguishes diabetic ketoacidosis from a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic s…
• A patient reports cold intolerance, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and slowed moveme…
• A patient with hyperparathyroidism has an elevated serum calcium level. Which clinical pic…
• Compared with osteoporosis, osteomalacia is BEST characterized by:
• Which feature MOST distinguishes type 1 from type 2 diabetes mellitus?
• A patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy asks about exercise. Which activity carr…
• Compared with the amount needed for general health benefit, the physical activity volume a…
• A patient with diabetes begins a course of oral corticosteroids. Which change should the t…
• A patient using a continuous glucose monitor shows a reading of 80 with a rapidly falling …
• A patient with adrenal insufficiency develops an acute febrile illness. Which consideratio…
• Structured lifestyle programs for prediabetes have been shown to:
• For glycemic control in type 2 diabetes, exercise sessions are MOST appropriately distribu…
• When examining the abdomen, the MOST appropriate sequence is:
• Passive extension of the right hip with the patient in left side lying reproduces right lo…
• A patient with untreated celiac disease is at increased risk of low bone density MAINLY be…
• An older adult reports left lower quadrant pain with fever and a change in bowel habit. Th…
• For a patient receiving enteral tube feeding, therapy positioning MOST appropriately avoid…