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학습 자료 둘러보기 →In acute exacerbation, elevated left ventricular filling pressure transmits backward, causing hydrostatic pulmonary edema. Fluid in alveoli impairs gas exchange, leading to the critical symptoms of dyspnea and hypoxemia.
The immediate nursing priority is auscultating lung sounds to detect crackles (often bibasilar, ascending with severity) and assessing respiratory effort (rate, depth, accessory muscle use). This directly evaluates the life-threatening physiological problem.
A BNP level of 2,400 pg/mL is a strong biochemical marker of acutely decompensated heart failure. Do not delay respiratory assessment for other tasks; oxygen saturation of 88% on room air indicates severe hypoxemia requiring immediate intervention.
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