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학습 자료 둘러보기 →The immediate priority for reducing intracranial pressure (ICP) is to optimize cerebral venous outflow. Elevate the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees and maintain the neck in a neutral alignment. This uses gravity to facilitate venous return from the brain without compressing the jugular veins.
Avoid any intervention that increases intrathoracic pressure, such as coughing, Valsalva maneuver, or Trendelenburg positioning. These actions impede venous drainage and cause a rapid, dangerous spike in ICP.
Never administer hypotonic IV fluids (e.g., 0.45% saline) to a patient with cerebral edema. They shift free water into brain cells, worsening edema and ICP. Use isotonic fluids cautiously if volume resuscitation is required.
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