A sputum smear is positive for acid-fast bacilli. Which statement is most accurate?

• 1 The smear supports the presence of acid-fast organisms but does not by itself identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis; molecular testing and culture are needed as appropriate ✓ 정답
• 2 The smear definitively identifies drug-susceptible M. tuberculosis, so no further testing is required for treatment decisions
• 3 A positive smear makes culture unnecessary because it confirms active tuberculosis with high specificity
• 4 The finding proves that only nontuberculous mycobacteria are present, ruling out M. tuberculosis complex organisms

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