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학습 자료 둘러보기 →The primary lethal risk of morphine PCA is opioid-induced respiratory depression. A respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min with drowsiness is a sentinel event indicating brainstem suppression. This requires immediate intervention per the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) framework, as hypoventilation can rapidly progress to respiratory arrest.
The normal adult respiratory rate is 12 to 20 breaths/min. A rate below 10 breaths/min is a critical cutoff. Progressive sedation is a precursor to respiratory depression; use a validated sedation scale (e.g., Pasero Opioid-Induced Sedation Scale) with each assessment.
Do not delay intervention to check the PCA pump history. The immediate priority is to stop the PCA infusion, stimulate the patient, administer oxygen, and prepare to administer naloxone as prescribed while notifying the provider.
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