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학습 자료 둘러보기 →Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency where increased pressure within a closed fascial space compromises microvascular perfusion. The hallmark is pain disproportionate to the injury that is unrelieved by analgesics. Key assessment findings include the 6 Ps: Pain, Pallor, Paresthesia, Pulselessness (late sign), Paralysis (late sign), and Poikilothermia. A capillary refill >2 seconds indicates compromised perfusion.
The nurse's priority is to notify the physician immediately. Definitive treatment is a fasciotomy to relieve pressure. Do not rely on the presence of palpable pulses to rule out ACS; capillary and venous occlusion precedes arterial collapse. Delaying notification to administer more pain medication or apply ice risks irreversible tissue necrosis and limb loss.
Never elevate the limb above heart level in suspected ACS; this reduces arterial perfusion. Keep the limb at heart level. Do not apply ice, as cold causes vasoconstriction and worsens ischemia.
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