Latex Allergy

A nurse is screening a healthcare worker for occupational allergies. Which assessment finding would be most indicative of a latex allergy?

The nurse is evaluating a patient's history of allergic reactions to identify potential latex sensitivity.

1 History of reactions to bananas, avocados, and kiwi fruits ✓ 정답
2 Family history of seasonal allergies and asthma
3 Previous reaction to penicillin antibiotics
4 Sensitivity to nickel jewelry and metal objects

해설

History of reactions to bananas, avocados, and kiwi fruits is most indicative of latex allergy due to cross-reactivity with latex proteins. Other options describe family history, penicillin allergy, or nickel sensitivity, which are not specific to latex.

같은 주제 다음 문제A nurse is caring for a patient with a known latex allergy who is scheduled for surgery. W…이 문제가 수록된 문제집[개념+기출] 엔클렉스(NCLEX), 이거 하나면 됩니다69,000원

Correct Answer: 1. History of reactions to bananas, avocados, and kiwi fruits

This assessment finding is the most indicative of a latex allergy due to a well-documented immunological phenomenon known as latex-fruit syndrome (LFS). This syndrome describes the cross-reactivity between allergens found in natural rubber latex (NRL) and certain plant-derived foods.

The underlying mechanism involves IgE antibody cross-reactivity. The immune system of a sensitized individual produces IgE antibodies that target specific protein structures (epitopes) present in NRL. Because structurally similar proteins, particularly chitinases and other defense-related proteins, are found in a specific group of fruits, the same IgE antibodies can recognize and bind to these fruit allergens, triggering a hypersensitivity reaction ^[2]^[4].

The prevalence of this association is significant. Research indicates that 30-50% of individuals with a confirmed NRL allergy also exhibit hypersensitivity to certain plant-derived foods, most notably freshly consumed fruits ^[2]^[4]. The fruits most classically implicated in this syndrome include banana, avocado, kiwi, and chestnut ^[4]. A patient reporting a history of reactions to this specific cluster of foods presents a high pretest probability for an underlying latex allergy, making this the most critical screening finding.

Analysis of Other Options

Option 2: Family history of seasonal allergies and asthma.
While a personal or family history of atopy (e.g., allergic rhinitis, asthma) can indicate a general predisposition to developing IgE-mediated allergies, it is not specific to latex allergy. Latex-fruit syndrome is a direct, cross-reactive response to specific proteins, not a general atopic tendency. This finding is nonspecific and would not be the most indicative assessment finding for a latex allergy .

Option 3: Previous reaction to penicillin antibiotics.
An allergy to penicillin is a distinct Type I hypersensitivity reaction to a specific drug metabolite and has no immunological cross-reactivity with NRL proteins. This finding is a separate, unrelated allergy and does not serve as a predictor for latex sensitivity.

Option 4: Sensitivity to nickel jewelry and metal objects.
This finding is most indicative of contact dermatitis, typically a Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T-cells, not IgE antibodies. The pathophysiology is fundamentally different from the immediate, IgE-mediated Type I hypersensitivity that characterizes latex allergy and latex-fruit syndrome. There is no immunological link between nickel sensitivity and NRL allergy.

References (research sources)

[2]
Latex Fruit Syndrome and Periodontitis - A Missing Link.Research articleMenon N, Hema D, Aathilingaperumal S, Balaji A, Suhasini J. (2024) · DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_504_24
[4]
Latex Fruit Syndrome as a Case of a Lower GI Bleed.Case reportZinabu SW, Mohammed A, Ayele GM, Kuruvilla R, Ramall M, Kerolle E, Michael MB. (2024) · DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65002

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A nurse is screening a healthcare worker for occupational allergies. Which assessment finding would be most indicative of a latex allergy?

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