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학습 자료 둘러보기 →Apply the ABCDE criteria during every skin inspection. A lesion with Asymmetry, irregular Borders, varied Color, and a Diameter greater than 6 mm is a red flag for melanoma. Any single high-risk feature warrants scrutiny; multiple concurrent features demand urgent referral to dermatology.
The "E" for Evolution is equally critical. Ask the patient specifically about new symptoms or changes: growth, shape alteration, new color emergence, or onset of bleeding, itching, or crusting. A changing mole in an adult is melanoma until proven otherwise.
Do not rely on diameter alone to rule out melanoma. Small lesions (6 mm) can be malignant. The presence of asymmetry, border irregularity, or color variation in any lesion, regardless of size, should raise clinical suspicion. The "ugly duckling" sign—a lesion that looks different from the patient's other moles—is a highly sensitive clinical clue.
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