The patient shows ______ waves in the neck veins during cardiac examination, indicating tricuspid regurgitation.
1cannon✓ 정답
2jugular
3venous
4prominent
5visible
해설
Cannon waves in the jugular veins are large, prominent pulsations that occur when the right atrium contracts against a closed tricuspid valve. These waves are commonly seen in tricuspid regurgitation and indicate significant right-sided heart dysfunction.
Cannon Waves:
- Abnormal pulsations in jugular veins
- Occur when right atrium contracts against closed tricuspid valve
- Associated with AV dissociation
- Visible in conditions: tricuspid regurgitation, complete heart block
- Key physical finding in cardiac examination
- Amplitude increases with severity of regurgitation
- Best observed with patient at 45-degree angle
- Other names: a-waves, atrial waves
- Diagnostic significance in heart failure
- Differentiated from normal jugular venous pulsations
- Often accompanied by hepatojugular reflux
- Indicates elevated right atrial pressure
- Common in ventricular tachycardia
- May present with neck vein distention
- Requires careful neck examination technique
핵심 개념
cannon — Large, forceful pulsations in the neck veins that occur when the right atrium contracts against a closed tricuspid valve
jugular — Relating to the neck or throat, specifically referring to the major veins in the neck that carry blood from the head back to the heart
venous — Relating to or contained within veins; pertaining to the blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
prominent — Standing out or projecting beyond a surface; easily noticeable or conspicuous
visible — Able to be seen or perceived by the eye; apparent or discernible to visual inspection