The heart shows a characteristic ______ phenomenon, where early diastolic filling is rapid but abruptly stops, suggesting restrictive cardiomyopathy.
1square-root✓ 정답
2dip-and-plateau
3rapid-filling
4restrictive
5constrictive
해설
The square-root sign or phenomenon describes the characteristic pattern of ventricular filling seen in restrictive cardiomyopathy. It shows rapid early filling that abruptly ceases, creating a "square root" appearance on hemodynamic tracings.
1. Square Root Sign
- Characteristic hemodynamic pattern in restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Rapid early diastolic filling followed by sudden cessation
- Visible on pressure tracings as √-shaped configuration
2. Restrictive Cardiomyopathy Features
- Impaired ventricular filling
- Normal or decreased ventricular volumes
- Increased filling pressures
- Preserved systolic function
3. Hemodynamic Characteristics
- Elevated right atrial pressure
- "Dip and plateau" pattern in ventricular pressure
- Increased end-diastolic pressure
- Reduced cardiac output
square-root — A characteristic pattern seen in ventricular pressure tracings during diastole, showing rapid early filling followed by an abrupt plateau, resembling the mathematical square root symbol
dip-and-plateau — A hemodynamic pattern characterized by a rapid early diastolic drop in pressure followed by a plateau phase, typically seen in constrictive pericarditis
rapid-filling — The initial phase of ventricular diastole where blood quickly flows from the atrium to the ventricle due to pressure differences
restrictive — A condition where the heart muscle becomes rigid and less elastic, limiting its ability to fill properly during diastole
constrictive — A condition where the heart's outer covering (pericardium) becomes thickened and fibrotic, limiting cardiac filling