階段 1 — 辨識線索。檢閱 0700 的交班報告。請標示出需要護理師立即追蹤的發現。 | MyMerci
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Standard/Transmission-Based Precautions/Surgical Asepsis

階段 1 — 辨識線索。檢閱 0700 的交班報告。請標示出需要護理師立即追蹤的發現。

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0700 handoff. Mr. R, a 38-year-old man who moved from the Philippines 14 months ago, was admitted six hours ago to a general medical room for presumed community-acquired pneumonia. He reports a three-week productive cough with intermittent blood-streaked sputum, a 12-pound weight loss over six weeks, drenching night sweats, and fatigue. During the morning interview he adds that a coworker has pulmonary TB, diagnosed last month. Overnight, ceftriaxone and azithromycin were started and blood cultures were collected; his wife and two children visited. He shares the room and bathroom with Mr. S, age 72, a roommate on chemotherapy. At 0630: temperature 38.1 C (100.6 F), heart rate 102 beats/min, respirations 22 breaths/min, BP 118/72, and SpO2 93 percent on 2 L/min; these values are unchanged from admission. His WBC count of 12.4 x 10^9/L is noted. The 0500 chest radiograph, read at 0640, shows a right-upper-lobe cavity with surrounding infiltrate. No airborne order is active, and staff wore surgical masks overnight.
0700 交班報告。R 先生,38 歲男性,14 個月前從菲律賓移居至此,六小時前因疑似社區型肺炎入住普通病房。他主訴三週以來有痰性咳嗽,偶爾帶血絲痰,六週內體重減輕 12 磅,伴有盜汗和疲勞。在上午的訪談中,他補充說 一位同事患有肺結核,上個月確診。夜間,已開始使用頭孢曲松和阿奇黴素,並 已採集血液培養;他的妻子和兩名子女曾來探訪。他與 72 歲的 S 先生共用病房和浴室,S 先生是 正在接受化學治療的室友。0630:體溫 38.1 C (100.6 F)、心率 102 次/分、呼吸 22 次/分、血壓 118/72,以及 SpO2 93% (2 公升/分氧氣);這些數值與入院時無變化。他的 白血球計數為 12.4 x 10^9/L。0500 的胸部 X 光片,於 0640 判讀,顯示 右上肺葉空洞 伴有周圍浸潤。目前沒有空氣傳播隔離醫囑,且夜間 工作人員佩戴外科口罩。
解析
改變計畫的發現包括:近期曾接觸患有結核病的同事、右上肺葉空洞性病灶、接受化學治療導致免疫功能低下的室友,以及工作人員使用外科口罩而非呼吸防護具。這些因素共同使得肺結核成為一個需要立即採取空氣傳播防護措施和暴露評估的潛在問題。發燒、心搏過速、呼吸急促、氧氣需求和白血球增多症與細菌性肺炎重疊,自入院以來未改變,且已在治療中,因此它們本身並不會改變隔離的決定。
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