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一位護理師正在照護一位置有中心靜脈導管的個案。在未接觸個案的情況下調整輸液幫浦後，護理師計畫接觸導管接頭以更換敷料。哪些手部衛生措施是適當的？請選出所有適用項。

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1 Perform hand hygiene after adjusting the pump, gather the dressing supplies, and consider that action sufficient before hub access if clean gloves are worn. 在調整幫浦後執行手部衛生，準備更換敷料用物，並認為若穿戴清潔手套，該動作在接觸接頭前即已足夠。 2 Perform hand hygiene immediately before accessing the catheter hub, even if clean gloves will be worn. 在接觸導管接頭之前立即執行手部衛生，即使將穿戴清潔手套亦然。 3 Use an alcohol-based handrub if the hands become visibly soiled during the dressing change, provided the hands are rubbed until dry. 若在更換敷料期間雙手變得明顯髒汙，可使用含酒精乾洗手液，只要將雙手搓揉至乾燥即可。 4 Perform hand hygiene after removing gloves if the dressing change involves contact with blood or body fluids. 若更換敷料涉及接觸血液或體液，則在脫除手套後執行手部衛生。 5 Use clean nonsterile gloves instead of hand hygiene for hub access because sterile supplies will be used for the dressing change. 因為更換敷料時將使用無菌用物，所以以清潔非無菌手套取代手部衛生來接觸接頭。 6 Wash hands with soap and water if they become visibly soiled during the dressing change. 若在更換敷料期間雙手變得明顯髒汙，則以肥皂和水洗手。

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