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一位因心臟衰竭服用恩格列淨 (empagliflozin) 的病人，預計進行需長時間禁食的手術。哪些措施是適當的？請選出所有適用的選項。

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1Verify that empagliflozin is withheld for at least 3 days before the procedure when possible.確認在可能的情況下，手術前至少 3 天停用恩格列淨。 2Assess volume status, renal function, oral intake, and other ketoacidosis risk factors.評估體液狀態、腎功能、口服攝取量及其他酮酸中毒危險因子。 3Exclude ketoacidosis whenever the blood glucose is below 250 mg/dL.只要血糖低於 250 mg/dL，就排除酮酸中毒。 4Check ketones and acid-base status if nausea, abdominal pain, dyspnea, or malaise occurs.如果出現噁心、腹痛、呼吸困難或全身不適，檢查酮體和酸鹼狀態。 5Restart therapy only after the client is clinically stable and oral intake has resumed.僅在病人臨床狀況穩定且恢復口服攝取後，才重新開始治療。 6Give an extra dose the night before surgery to preserve the heart-failure benefit.在手術前一晚額外給予一劑，以維持心臟衰竭的益處。 7Restart empagliflozin in the postanesthesia care unit as soon as the procedure ends, even if the client remains fasting.即使病人仍禁食，也在手術結束後立即在麻醉恢復室重新開始恩格列淨。 8Substitute a different SGLT2 inhibitor during the preoperative hold to preserve the heart-failure benefit.在術前停藥期間，替換另一種 SGLT2 抑制劑以維持心臟衰竭的益處。

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