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檢視住院個案的睡眠時間軸，並判斷個別化的非藥物睡眠計畫是否有效。

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Time	Data
First night	The client estimates two hours of sleep with six awakenings. Hallway noise, a bright room, three nonurgent care entries, and a roommate television are reported. The client drank evening coffee and napped for two hours late in the afternoon.個案估計睡了兩小時，醒來六次。據回報有走廊噪音、房間明亮、三次非緊急照護進入，以及室友的電視聲。個案喝了晚間咖啡，並在下午稍晚小睡了兩小時。
Second-day plan	The nurse asks about usual sleep preferences, schedules daytime light and activity, avoids late caffeine and a long late nap, clusters nonurgent care, reduces light and noise, and preserves required assessments and alarms.護理師詢問平常的睡眠偏好，安排日間光照與活動，避免晚間咖啡因及長時間的傍晚小睡，集中非緊急照護，減少光線與噪音，並保留必要的評估與警報。
Second night and next morning	The client estimates five and a half hours of sleep with one awakening, reports feeling more rested, and participates in breakfast and morning mobility without dozing.個案估計睡了五個半小時，醒來一次，表示感覺較有休息到，並參與早餐及早晨活動，沒有打瞌睡。

Q1. Which finding best explains the first night's poor sleep?哪一項發現最能解釋第一晚的睡眠不佳？

An unavoidable need for a sedative不可避免需要使用鎮靜劑 A permanent sleep disorder confirmed by one night單一晚確認的永久性睡眠障礙 Multiple modifiable environmental, care-schedule, caffeine, and nap-related disruptions多項可調整的環境、照護時程、咖啡因及午睡相關干擾

Q2. How should the nurse interpret the second-day plan?護理師應如何解讀第二天的計畫？

It removes all monitoring regardless of clinical need它移除所有監測，不顧臨床需要 It individualizes nonpharmacologic sleep support while preserving safety requirements它在保留安全需求的同時，個別化非藥物睡眠支持 It relies on daytime sleep to replace nighttime sleep它依賴日間睡眠來取代夜間睡眠

Q3. Which outcome best shows that the plan is effective?哪一項結果最能顯示計畫有效？

The client remains in bed for 10 hours個案臥床 10 小時 The nurse makes fewer room entries without measuring sleep護理師減少進入房間次數，但未測量睡眠 The client asks for stronger sleep medication個案要求更強的睡眠藥物 Sleep is longer and less fragmented, and daytime alertness and activity improve睡眠時間更長且片段化減少，日間警覺性與活動改善

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