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一名產後病人於30分鐘內浸濕2片會陰墊。子宮底軟而上移。使用4 Ts架構之適當護理行動為何？請選擇所有適用項目。

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1 Delay fundal massage and bladder assessment for 30 minutes to see if the uterus firms on its own, because excessive manipulation can cause further bleeding. 延遲30分鐘進行子宮底按摩及膀胱評估，以觀察子宮是否能自行變硬，因為過度操作可能導致進一步出血。 2 Thrombin (coagulopathy): assess for DIC signs, especially in pre-eclampsia, abruption, or septic shock; obtain coagulation panel. Thrombin(凝血異常)：於子癇前症、胎盤剝離、敗血性休克時評估DIC徵象；採血做凝血面板。 3 Trauma (lacerations or hematoma): inspect the perineum, vagina, and cervix for tears or visible hematoma; bright red bleeding with firm fundus suggests trauma. Trauma(裂傷或血腫)：檢查會陰、陰道、子宮頸有無裂傷或可見血腫；子宮底硬但仍鮮紅出血提示創傷。 4 Tissue (retained placenta): inspect the placenta after delivery for completeness; suspect retained products if PPH continues despite contracted uterus. Tissue(胎盤殘留)：分娩後檢查胎盤完整性；若子宮已收縮但PPH持續即懷疑殘留物。 5 Tone (uterine atony — most common cause): perform fundal massage immediately and assist with bladder emptying since a full bladder displaces the uterus and worsens atony. Tone(子宮張力低下 — 最常見原因)：立即執行子宮底按摩並協助排空膀胱，因為脹滿膀胱會使子宮移位並惡化張力低下。

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