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以創傷知情照護(TIC)架構工作之護理師，照顧一名兒童期性創傷史病人因例行骨盆處置入院。哪些行動反映TIC原則？請選擇所有適用項目。

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1 Validate the patient's feelings of anxiety as normal and offer to take breaks during the procedure if the patient signals discomfort. 確認病人焦慮為正常感受，並提議若病人表示不適可於處置中休息。 2 Explain each step of the procedure in advance using clear simple language and offer the patient choices about positioning, draping, and pacing. 以清楚簡單之語言事先說明處置每一步驟，並提供病人關於姿勢、覆蓋與步調之選擇。 3 Recognize that you may not know all the details of the patient's trauma history but treating every patient with TIC principles benefits everyone — universal precautions for psychological safety. 即使您可能不知道病人創傷史的所有細節，以TIC原則對待每位病人皆為有益 — 為心理安全提供普遍預防。 4 Encourage the patient to push through the procedure without breaks, explaining that this will help overcome anxiety and build coping skills for future medical encounters. 鼓勵病人在不休息的情況下堅持完成程序，解釋這樣做將有助於克服焦慮，並為未來的醫療接觸建立應對技巧。 5 Ensure physical and emotional safety — adequate privacy, the option to have a support person present, and recognition that the patient may have trauma triggers. 確保身體與情緒安全 — 充足隱私、可選擇有支持者陪同、體認病人可能有創傷觸發點。

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