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一位58歲轉移性肺癌病人因進行性呼吸困難、低血壓、頸靜脈擴張和心音模糊入院。床邊超音波心動圖顯示中度心包積液及舒張期右心室塌陷。在準備緊急心包穿刺術的同時，護理師應優先進行哪些措施？請選出所有適當的選項。

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1 Establish two large-bore IV access sites and infuse normal saline boluses to support preload while obstructive shock is being addressed. 建立兩條大口徑靜脈通路，於處理阻塞性休克期間以生理食鹽水推注支持前負荷。 2 Position the head of bed at 30 to 45 degrees and apply supplemental oxygen to maintain SpO2 at or above 94 percent. 將床頭抬高30至45度並給予補充氧氣使SpO2維持≥ 94%。 3 Place the patient on continuous cardiac monitoring with defibrillation pads in place because pericardial effusion can progress to PEA arrest. 貼上去顫貼片並執行持續心律監測，因心包積液可能進展為PEA心跳停止。 4 Notify the cardiologist and prepare the pericardiocentesis tray, ensuring informed consent is documented before the procedure. 通知心臟科醫師並準備心包穿刺包，確保術前已完成知情同意書。 5 Administer sublingual nitroglycerin 0.4 mg now to reduce afterload and improve forward cardiac output in obstructive shock. 立即給予舌下硝酸甘油0.4 mg以降低後負荷並改善阻塞性休克中的前向心輸出量。

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