Scenario 34-year-old male with schizophrenia received haloperidol 5 mg IM 2 hours ago; now rigid, febrile 39.8°C, tachycardic, hypertensive, diaphoretic, confused.
重要概念
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) — Life-threatening reaction to antipsychotic medication with hyperthermia, rigidity, autonomic instability, altered mental status, elevated CK.
Dantrolene — Direct skeletal muscle relaxant used to treat NMS and malignant hyperthermia.
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) — Movement-related side effects of antipsychotics — distinct from NMS.