# Situation: A 29-year-old factory worker is admitted to the psychiatric unit of a general hospital two days after his wife left him. The nurse uses theoretical models to plan his care. Using Erikson's psychosocial theory, which basic strength (virtue) should the long-term plan help him develop at his current stage of life?

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=629974  
> language: ko  
> subject: Nursing Practice V — Care of Clients with Maladaptive Patterns of Behavior; Care of Clients with Life-Threatening Conditions, Acute Multi-Organ Problems, High Acuity and Emergency Situations

## 문제

Situation: A 29-year-old factory worker is admitted to the psychiatric unit of a general hospital two days after his wife left him. The nurse uses theoretical models to plan his care.

Using Erikson's psychosocial theory, which basic strength (virtue) should the long-term plan help him develop at his current stage of life?

## 보기

1. Care
2. Fidelity
3. Love **✔ 정답**
4. Competence

**정답: 3**

## 해설

Each of Erikson's stages has a positive outcome or basic strength: fidelity for identity versus role confusion (adolescence), love for intimacy versus isolation (young adulthood), and care for generativity versus stagnation (middle adulthood). At 29 he is a young adult, so the plan aims at love, the capacity for close, committed relationships, rather than withdrawal into isolation.

## 심화 해설

Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage at Age 29

A 29-year-old adult falls within the developmental period Erikson described as young adulthood. The central psychosocial conflict of this stage is intimacy versus isolation. During this time, the individual is expected to form close, committed relationships with others, including romantic partnerships, friendships, and community connections. Successful resolution of this conflict produces the basic strength or virtue of love.

Love, in Erikson’s framework, is not merely a feeling but the capacity to commit oneself to another person and to maintain that commitment even when it requires sacrifice or compromise. Failure to achieve this developmental task leads to isolation, where the person avoids intimacy and remains emotionally distant from others.

The patient’s recent separation from his wife is a significant relational loss that can activate the core tension of this stage. The nursing plan, therefore, should support the patient in processing this loss while strengthening his ability to engage in future close relationships rather than withdrawing into isolation.

Key point! The virtue of fidelity belongs to the earlier stage of identity versus role confusion during adolescence. Care is the virtue of generativity versus stagnation in middle adulthood. Competence is the virtue of industry versus inferiority during school age.

Stage-by-Stage Virtue Comparison

| Psychosocial Stage | Approximate Age | Conflict | Basic Strength (Virtue) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| School age | 6–12 years | Industry vs. inferiority | Competence |
| Adolescence | 12–18 years | Identity vs. role confusion | Fidelity |
| Young adulthood | 18–40 years | Intimacy vs. isolation | Love |
| Middle adulthood | 40–65 years | Generativity vs. stagnation | Care |

Clinical Application in Psychiatric Nursing

In an inpatient psychiatric setting, a patient admitted after a marital separation may present with depressive symptoms, anxiety, or a sense of personal failure. Using Erikson’s model, the nurse recognizes that the patient is in the middle of the intimacy versus isolation struggle. The long-term goal is not simply symptom reduction but helping the patient rebuild the capacity for love — the ability to trust, connect, and commit to others again.

Nursing interventions aligned with this goal include exploring the patient’s relationship history, identifying patterns of avoidance or dependency, and supporting the development of healthy interpersonal skills through therapeutic communication and group therapy. The focus is on relational recovery, not just crisis stabilization.

Watch out! Do not confuse the virtue of love with the later virtue of care. A 29-year-old is not yet in the generativity stage, so the plan should not prioritize mentoring the next generation or contributing to society through work and family in the middle-adulthood sense.

The developmental framework also helps explain why the loss of a spouse at this age can feel so destabilizing. In young adulthood, the intimate partnership is a primary vehicle for achieving the stage’s developmental task. When that relationship ends, the person may experience a crisis of meaning and identity that extends beyond ordinary grief.

Key point! The correct answer is 3. Love, because it is the basic strength that emerges from successfully resolving the intimacy versus isolation conflict of young adulthood, which is the developmental stage of a 29-year-old.

## 임상 시나리오

Erikson-Based Care Planning for a Young AdultUsing intimacy versus isolation to guide nursing priorities
At 29 years, the patient is in young adulthood, where the core conflict is intimacy versus isolation. The long-term plan should help him develop the basic strength of love, defined as the capacity for close, committed relationships rather than emotional withdrawal.

A recent spousal separation can intensify this stage's central tension. Nursing care should support processing the relational loss while preserving his ability to engage in future close relationships, not reinforce avoidance or isolation.

CautionDo not confuse love with fidelity, which belongs to adolescent identity versus role confusion, or with care, which belongs to middle-adult generativity versus stagnation.

## 핵심 개념

- **Intimacy versus isolation** — Erikson's psychosocial conflict of young adulthood, centered on forming close, committed relationships rather than becoming emotionally distant.
- **Love** — The basic strength gained from resolving intimacy versus isolation; the capacity for mutual commitment and sacrifice in close relationships.
- **Fidelity** — The virtue arising from identity versus role confusion during adolescence.
- **Care** — The virtue arising from generativity versus stagnation during middle adulthood.
- **Competence** — The virtue arising from industry versus inferiority during school age.

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