# Situation: The occupational health nurse of a private garment factory with 800 workers, including a fabric-dyeing area, is reviewing the workplace health and safety program. A new worker asks who pays for the gloves and respirators used in the dyeing area. Under the Occupational Safety and Health Standards Law (RA 11058), which answer is CORRECT?

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> subject: Nursing Practice I — Community Health Nursing

## 문제

Situation: The occupational health nurse of a private garment factory with 800 workers, including a fabric-dyeing area, is reviewing the workplace health and safety program.

A new worker asks who pays for the gloves and respirators used in the dyeing area. Under the Occupational Safety and Health Standards Law (RA 11058), which answer is CORRECT?

## 보기

1. Workers buy them, and the cost is refunded after 1 year
2. The employer buys them and deducts the cost from wages
3. The employer provides them to the workers at no cost **✔ 정답**
4. Workers and the employer share the cost equally

**정답: 3**

## 해설

RA 11058 gives workers the right to personal protective equipment and safety devices provided by the employer free of charge. The law covers private-sector workplaces such as this factory and is enforced by the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE).

## 심화 해설

Legal basis under RA 11058

The correct answer is that the employer provides personal protective equipment at no cost to the worker. Under the Occupational Safety and Health Standards Law, the duty to supply PPE such as gloves and respirators rests entirely with the employer, and this obligation cannot be shifted to the employee through purchase, wage deduction, or cost-sharing arrangements. The law applies to private-sector establishments, including garment factories with a fabric-dyeing area, because dyeing exposes workers to chemical and respiratory hazards that require barrier and inhalation protection.

RA 11058 establishes PPE as a right of workers, not a benefit they must finance. The employer must identify hazards, select appropriate PPE, and provide it free of charge as part of the workplace safety and health program. This principle aligns with the preventive and control measures described in the Philippine OSH landscape, where employer-provided protective equipment is a core component of hazard control in industries with chemical exposure.

Key point! Any arrangement that requires workers to buy PPE, wait for reimbursement, accept wage deductions, or share the cost violates the law. The correct nursing and occupational health response is to reinforce that the employer bears the full financial responsibility.

Why this matters in the dyeing area

Fabric dyeing commonly involves solvents, dyes, mordants, and respiratory irritants. Gloves protect against dermal absorption and contact dermatitis, while respirators reduce inhalation of vapors, mists, or particulates. If workers had to pay for these items, they might delay replacement, reuse damaged equipment, or skip protection altogether, increasing the risk of occupational injury and illness. Employer-funded PPE removes the economic barrier to consistent use and supports a safer work environment.

The occupational health nurse reviews the program to ensure that PPE is not only available but also properly fitted, maintained, and replaced at no charge. This includes training workers on correct use and limitations of gloves and respirators. The situational analysis of OSH in the Philippines highlights that preventive and control measures, including PPE provision, are essential elements of workplace policies and programs across the country [1].

Watch out! Do not confuse PPE provision with uniform allowances or other employee purchases. PPE required for hazard control is a distinct legal obligation of the employer under RA 11058, enforced by the Department of Labor and Employment.References (research sources)

- [1]A Recent Situational Analysis of the Occupational Safety and Health Landscape in the Philippines.Research articleConda LEA, Nuñez CAV, Uy DSET, Artaiz-Cariaga CS, Cabigon JJJ, Apostol GLC. (2025) · DOI: 10.47895/amp.vi0.8944

## 임상 시나리오

PPE Provision Under RA 11058Employer bears full cost in private-sector workplaces
Under RA 11058, the employer must provide PPE such as gloves and respirators at no cost to workers. This applies to private establishments like garment factories with dyeing areas, enforced by DOLE.

In fabric dyeing, workers face chemical and respiratory hazards from solvents, dyes, and mordants. Gloves protect against dermal absorption, while respirators guard against inhalation.

CautionAny arrangement requiring workers to buy PPE, wait for reimbursement, accept wage deductions, or share costs violates the law. The employer cannot shift this financial responsibility to employees.

## 핵심 개념

- **RA 11058** — Occupational Safety and Health Standards Law of the Philippines, mandating employer-provided PPE at no cost to workers.
- **PPE** — Personal Protective Equipment such as gloves and respirators, used to protect workers from workplace hazards.
- **DOLE** — Department of Labor and Employment, the Philippine agency enforcing occupational safety and health laws.
- **Employer Responsibility** — Legal duty of the employer to identify hazards, select appropriate PPE, and provide it free of charge.
- **Hazard Control** — Preventive measures in occupational health, including provision of PPE for chemical and respiratory hazards.

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