# Situation: A barangay health worker (BHW) asks the public health nurse of the Rural Health Unit (RHU) to visit a family in a farming barangay. For 4 months, the son, 22, has stayed in his room most of the day, talks and laughs to himself, and has stopped working. He lives with his widowed mother, 58, and his sister, 19. He has never been seen by a health worker. The nurse writes the Family Nursing Care Plan (FNCP) for this family. In what order do these parts appear in the plan? 1. Objectives of care 2. Family nursing problem 3. Evaluation 4. Goal of care

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> subject: Nursing Practice I — Community Health Nursing

## 문제

Situation: A barangay health worker (BHW) asks the public health nurse of the Rural Health Unit (RHU) to visit a family in a farming barangay. For 4 months, the son, 22, has stayed in his room most of the day, talks and laughs to himself, and has stopped working. He lives with his widowed mother, 58, and his sister, 19. He has never been seen by a health worker.

The nurse writes the Family Nursing Care Plan (FNCP) for this family. In what order do these parts appear in the plan?
1. Objectives of care
2. Family nursing problem
3. Evaluation
4. Goal of care

## 보기

1. 4, 2, 1, 3
2. 2, 4, 1, 3 **✔ 정답**
3. 2, 1, 4, 3
4. 4, 1, 2, 3

**정답: 2**

## 해설

The FNCP follows the nursing process: the health problem and the family nursing problem from the second-level assessment come first, then the broad goal of care, the specific objectives that lead to it, the interventions, and finally evaluation. Objectives are derived from the goal, so the goal comes before them.

## 심화 해설

The correct sequence is 2, 4, 1, 3 — family nursing problem, goal of care, objectives of care, then evaluation.

How the FNCP mirrors the nursing process

The Family Nursing Care Plan is not a separate document with its own invented logic. It is the nursing process applied to the family as the unit of care. The assessment phase produces a prioritized list of family nursing problems, which are statements of actual or potential health-related conditions that the nurse and family will address together. Because the family is the client, the problem statement must reflect family-level dynamics, not just one member's symptoms [1].

Once the problem is named, the plan moves forward in a logical chain. The goal of care is the broad, desired end state that resolves or reduces the identified problem. It is written before the objectives because objectives are simply the measurable steps that lead to the goal. A goal answers "where do we want to end up," while objectives answer "what specific, observable changes will show we are getting there." Reversing this order would make the objectives meaningless, since they would have no endpoint to anchor them.

Evaluation comes last because it measures whether the objectives — and therefore the goal — were achieved. Evaluation is only possible after the problem, goal, and objectives have been defined; you cannot judge progress toward an outcome that was never specified. In the clinical decision support literature, care plan effectiveness depends on clearly ordered, actionable components that can be tracked over time [2].

Applying the order to this family

The family in the farming barangay presents with a son who has been socially withdrawn, talking and laughing to himself, and nonfunctional for 4 months. The first step is to formulate the family nursing problem — for example, "inability of the family to recognize the son's altered thought process and seek appropriate care." This is a family-level problem because it involves the mother's and sister's perception, coping, and health-seeking behavior, not just the son's symptoms.

From that problem, the nurse writes a goal of care: the family will recognize the need for psychiatric evaluation and facilitate the son's access to mental health services. Only after this broad goal is stated can the nurse derive specific objectives of care — such as "within one week, the mother will verbalize at least three observable signs of the son's condition" or "within two weeks, the family will accompany the son to the RHU for initial assessment." Finally, evaluation determines whether those objectives were met and whether the goal is being achieved.

| Order | Component | Function in the FNCP | Key question it answers |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Family nursing problem | Identifies the family-level health deficit or risk from assessment | What is the family's health problem? |
| 2 | Goal of care | States the broad desired outcome that resolves the problem | What end state do we want? |
| 3 | Objectives of care | Breaks the goal into measurable, time-bound steps | What specific changes will show progress? |
| 4 | Evaluation | Measures achievement of objectives and goal | Did the plan work? |

Key point! The goal always precedes the objectives. If you see an option placing objectives before the goal, eliminate it immediately. Objectives are derived from the goal, not the other way around.

Watch out! Do not confuse the order of the FNCP with the order of the nursing process steps in assessment. Assessment data are gathered before any problem is written, but within the written plan document itself, the problem statement appears first.

The family-systems perspective reinforces why the problem statement must come first: without a clearly defined family nursing problem, the nurse cannot determine what goal is appropriate, which objectives are relevant, or what criteria to use in evaluation [1]. The entire plan flows from that initial problem identification.References (research sources)

- [1]Developing family care plans: a systems perspective for helping hospice families.Research articleKnapp ER, DelCampo RL (1995) · DOI: 10.1177/104990919501200608

- [2]Toward Meaningful Care Plan Clinical Decision Support: Feasibility and Effects of a Simulated Pilot Study.Research articleKeenan GM, Lopez KD, Yao Y, Sousa VEC, Stifter J, Febretti A (2017) · DOI: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000234

## 임상 시나리오

FNCP Sequencing in Community PracticeApplying the nursing process to the family as the unit of care
The Family Nursing Care Plan mirrors the nursing process: start with the family nursing problem from second-level assessment, then write the broad goal of care, followed by specific objectives of care, and end with evaluation. The goal must precede objectives because objectives are measurable steps derived from the goal.

In the case of the 22-year-old son with psychotic symptoms and social withdrawal, the family nursing problem reflects family-level dynamics—such as disrupted family coping or role strain on the widowed mother—not just the son's individual diagnosis. The goal addresses the family's desired end state, and objectives break that goal into observable changes.

CautionDo not place objectives before the goal; objectives without an anchoring goal are meaningless. Also ensure the problem statement is a family-level problem, not merely an individual symptom list, since the family is the client in FNCP.

## 핵심 개념

- **Family Nursing Care Plan (FNCP)** — A systematic application of the nursing process to the family as the unit of care, outlining prioritized problems, goals, objectives, interventions, and evaluation.
- **Family nursing problem** — A statement of an actual or potential health-related condition affecting the family system, derived from second-level assessment and prioritized for intervention.
- **Goal of care** — A broad, desired end state that resolves or reduces the identified family nursing problem; it anchors the direction of the plan.
- **Objectives of care** — Specific, measurable, observable steps derived from the goal that indicate progress toward achieving it.
- **Evaluation** — The final phase of the nursing process that measures whether the objectives and goal were achieved, based on predefined criteria.

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