# Situation: The public health nurse at a Rural Health Unit (RHU) is planning a series of health education sessions on diabetes self-care for adults in a farming barangay. Many of the participants finished only elementary school, and most understand the local language better than English. Before planning the sessions, the nurse meets with eight adults with diabetes. Each first writes down, without talking, reasons why people in the barangay delay starting insulin. Each then reads one idea aloud in turn, with no debate, until all ideas are listed, and the members vote privately to rank them. Which needs assessment method is the nurse using?

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627095  
> language: ko  
> subject: Nursing Practice I — Community Health Nursing

## 문제

Situation: The public health nurse at a Rural Health Unit (RHU) is planning a series of health education sessions on diabetes self-care for adults in a farming barangay. Many of the participants finished only elementary school, and most understand the local language better than English.

Before planning the sessions, the nurse meets with eight adults with diabetes. Each first writes down, without talking, reasons why people in the barangay delay starting insulin. Each then reads one idea aloud in turn, with no debate, until all ideas are listed, and the members vote privately to rank them. Which needs assessment method is the nurse using?

## 보기

1. Focus group discussion
2. Delphi technique
3. Nominal group technique **✔ 정답**
4. Key informant interview

**정답: 3**

## 해설

The nominal group technique is a structured small-group method: silent generation of ideas, round-robin listing without debate, brief clarification, and private voting to rank the ideas. A focus group discussion relies on free interaction to draw out in-depth views and feelings, and the Delphi technique also ranks ideas toward consensus but through anonymous questionnaires to experts who never meet. A key informant interview questions one leader at a time.

## 심화 해설

Needs assessment method

The scenario describes a structured meeting in which eight participants first write down their ideas silently and independently, then share one idea at a time in a round-robin fashion without debate, and finally rank the ideas through private voting. This sequence is the defining signature of the Nominal Group Technique (NGT).

NGT is a face-to-face, small-group consensus method that deliberately separates idea generation from evaluation to prevent dominant voices from shaping the list. The silent writing phase ensures that every participant, including those with limited formal education or hesitancy in group settings, contributes before hearing others. The round-robin listing gives equal weight to each person, and the private ranking reduces social pressure — a practical advantage when working with a farming community where hierarchy or shyness might otherwise suppress input.

The other options differ in one or more critical ways. A focus group discussion depends on free-flowing interaction and facilitator-guided conversation to explore feelings and depth; it does not use silent generation, round-robin listing, or private voting. The Delphi technique also seeks consensus and ranking, but it is conducted through anonymous questionnaires with experts who typically never meet face-to-face, often over multiple rounds. A key informant interview involves questioning one knowledgeable individual at a time, not a structured group process.

| Feature | Nominal Group Technique | Focus Group | Delphi | Key Informant Interview |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Setting | Small group, face-to-face | Small group, face-to-face | Experts, usually remote | One person at a time |
| Idea generation | Silent, written, independent | Open discussion | Questionnaire responses | Verbal interview |
| Interaction | Round-robin listing, no debate | Free interaction | No direct interaction | Interviewer–respondent only |
| Prioritization | Private voting to rank | Not typically ranked | Anonymous ranking over rounds | Not applicable |

Watch out! The presence of “voting to rank” can tempt you toward Delphi, but Delphi lacks the face-to-face round-robin and silent written phase. The scenario’s in-person, structured, equal-participation steps point exclusively to NGT.

Key point! NGT is especially useful in community health needs assessment with low-literacy or linguistically diverse groups because the written phase can be adapted to simple words or symbols, and the structured turn-taking prevents a few vocal members from dominating the list of perceived barriers to insulin initiation.

## 임상 시나리오

Nominal Group Technique in Community Needs AssessmentStructured ranking for low-literacy and shy participants
Use silent idea generation first so every participant contributes before hearing others, then round-robin listing without debate, and finish with private voting to rank priorities.

This method is especially useful in rural or low-literacy groups because it reduces pressure from dominant voices and allows equal participation regardless of education level.

CautionDo not allow debate during the listing phase; keep clarification brief and neutral so ranking reflects individual judgment, not group persuasion.

## 핵심 개념

- **Nominal Group Technique** — A structured face-to-face small-group method using silent idea generation, round-robin listing without debate, and private ranking of ideas.
- **Focus Group Discussion** — A facilitator-guided group conversation that relies on free interaction to explore in-depth views and feelings.
- **Delphi Technique** — A consensus method using anonymous questionnaires to experts who typically never meet, often over multiple rounds.
- **Key Informant Interview** — An interview method that questions one knowledgeable individual at a time to gather information.
- **Needs Assessment** — A systematic process of identifying gaps between current conditions and desired outcomes to guide program planning.

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