# Situation: A public health nurse is assigned to organize and assess a coastal barangay in a municipality with a midyear population of 40,000. The nurse lives in the barangay, joins the residents in their daily activities, and gathers data with them for a spot map and a community profile. In which phase of Community Organizing Participatory Action Research (COPAR) are these activities done?

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627074  
> language: ko  
> subject: Nursing Practice I — Community Health Nursing

## 문제

Situation: A public health nurse is assigned to organize and assess a coastal barangay in a municipality with a midyear population of 40,000.

The nurse lives in the barangay, joins the residents in their daily activities, and gathers data with them for a spot map and a community profile. In which phase of Community Organizing Participatory Action Research (COPAR) are these activities done?

## 보기

1. Pre-entry
2. Entry **✔ 정답**
3. Organization-building
4. Sustenance and strengthening

**정답: 2**

## 해설

Integration with the residents and the community study (survey, spot map, community profile) are activities of the entry phase (social preparation). The formal organization — officers, committees, and bylaws — is built later in organization-building.

## 심화 해설

Integration and community study belong to entry
The nurse in this item lives in the barangay, joins residents in their daily activities, and gathers data with them for a spot map and a community profile. These are the two hallmark activities of the entry phase of Community Organizing Participatory Action Research (COPAR), also called social preparation: integration with the community and the community study. Living with and working alongside residents builds trust, and studying the community with them turns that trust into shared knowledge of the problems.

What happens in each COPAR phase
COPAR moves through a sequence of phases. Pre-entry prepares the organizer and the institution: training, choosing the site with criteria, and making courtesy calls on local officials. Entry begins once the organizer is in the community; integration, the community study (survey, spot map, profile), and identification of potential leaders take place here, and a core group may be formed. Organization-building follows, when the formal people's organization is set up with officers, committees, and bylaws. Sustenance and strengthening develops the organization further through leadership training, education, and secondary leaders so that it can continue without the organizer. Finally the organizer phases out.

| Phase | Key activities |
| --- | --- |
| Pre-entry | Organizer preparation, site selection, courtesy calls |
| Entry (social preparation) | Integration, community study, spot map, profile, core group |
| Organization-building | Formal organization: officers, committees, bylaws |
| Sustenance and strengthening | Leadership training, secondary leaders, self-reliance |

Why the other phases do not fit
Pre-entry is wrong because at that point the organizer has not yet entered the community and no community study has been done; activities are preparatory and official. Organization-building is wrong because it presupposes that the community has already been studied and a core group has emerged; its work is creating formal structures. Sustenance and strengthening is wrong because it comes after an organization exists and focuses on developing leaders and sustaining activities. Watch out! Courtesy calls on the mayor or barangay captain belong to pre-entry, while living among residents and doing the spot map belong to entry.

Exam takeaway
When the organizer is integrating with residents or doing the community study with them, the phase is entry. A participatory community study, in which residents help gather data and draw the spot map, is also the start of the action research cycle, because it builds residents' awareness of their own problems. That awareness later motivates the formation of the organization in the next phase.

## 임상 시나리오

COPAR PhasesRecognizing the entry phase
Integration (living with residents, joining daily activities) and the community study (survey, spot map, community profile) are activities of the entry phase, also called social preparation.

Pre-entry covers organizer preparation, site selection, and courtesy calls. Organization-building sets up officers, committees, and bylaws. Sustenance and strengthening develops leaders.

Doing the community study with residents builds their awareness of their own problems, which motivates later organizing.

CautionDo not confuse courtesy calls on local officials, a pre-entry activity, with integration in the community, an entry activity.

## 핵심 개념

- **COPAR** — Community Organizing Participatory Action Research, a process that helps a community organize to solve its own problems.
- **Integration** — The organizer's immersion in community life to build trust and understand residents' situation.
- **Spot map** — A sketch map of a community showing households, landmarks, and the location of health problems or resources.
- **Community profile** — A summary of a community's demographic, social, economic, health, and environmental data.

## 같은 주제 문제

- [Situation: A public health nurse is assigned to organize and assess a coastal barangay in …](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627075)
- [Situation: A public health nurse is assigned to organize and assess a coastal barangay in …](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627076)
- [Situation: A public health nurse is assigned to organize and assess a coastal barangay in …](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627077)
- [Situation: A newly assigned public health nurse at the Rural Health Unit (RHU) of an agric…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627079)
- [Situation: A newly assigned public health nurse at the Rural Health Unit (RHU) of an agric…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627080)
- [Situation: A newly assigned public health nurse at the Rural Health Unit (RHU) of an agric…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627081)
- [Situation: A newly assigned public health nurse at the Rural Health Unit (RHU) of an agric…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627082)
- [Situation: The public health nurse and the municipal health team plan and run a one-year h…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=627083)

---

More free questions: [기출문제](https://mymerci.kr/)

_학습 참고용입니다. 실제 임상은 최신 지침과 소속 기관 프로토콜을 따르세요._