# A charge nurse on a cardiac unit is prioritizing assignments for the upcoming shift. Which patient should the charge nurse assign to the most experienced registered nurse?

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## 문제

A charge nurse on a cardiac unit is prioritizing assignments for the upcoming shift. Which patient should the charge nurse assign to the most experienced registered nurse?

## 보기

1. A 68-year-old patient with acute myocardial infarction who developed cardiogenic shock and requires vasopressor support **✔ 정답**
2. A 45-year-old patient with diabetes mellitus admitted for diabetic ketoacidosis who is stable on insulin drip
3. A 72-year-old patient with pneumonia receiving IV antibiotics who is afebrile and has stable vital signs
4. A 55-year-old patient post-operative day 1 following routine cholecystectomy with stable vital signs and requires routine post-op care

**정답: 1**

## 해설

The patient with acute MI and cardiogenic shock requires the most experienced RN due to high acuity, instability, and need for complex interventions like vasoactive drips and hemodynamic monitoring. Other patients are stable and can be managed by less experienced staff with appropriate supervision.

## 심화 해설

Understanding the Priority Setting Framework

In a cardiac unit, the charge nurse must allocate human resources based on patient acuity, stability, and the complexity of required interventions. The guiding principle is to match the most clinically unstable and complex patient with the nurse who possesses the highest level of clinical judgment and technical skill. This decision-making process relies on recognizing the subtle and overt signs of clinical deterioration that demand immediate, expert-level intervention.

Analysis of the Correct Answer (Option 1)

The patient with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who has decompensated into cardiogenic shock and requires vasopressor support is the most critically ill. This clinical scenario represents a state of profound hemodynamic instability where the heart's pumping capacity is severely compromised. The need for vasopressors indicates that the patient’s life is immediately threatened, as these potent medications are titrated to minute-by-minute changes in blood pressure and tissue perfusion. The underlying pathophysiology, as highlighted in the context of AMI-related cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS), is associated with extremely high mortality despite interventions like revascularization [3]. Managing this patient requires an experienced nurse who can interpret subtle hemodynamic changes, titrate vasoactive drips expertly, monitor for arrhythmias, and recognize the early signs of further decompensation, such as the left ventricular overload that can occur even with mechanical support [3]. The intensity of required nursing surveillance is exceptionally high, involving continuous assessment of cardiac rhythm, invasive pressure monitoring, and end-organ perfusion, which is a hallmark of high-acuity care complexity [1].

Analysis of Incorrect Options

Option 2: A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) on an insulin drip who is described as "stable" represents a patient responding well to therapy. While DKA requires careful monitoring of blood glucose, electrolytes, and fluid balance, the designation of stability indicates that the critical, life-threatening phase of the condition is under control. The care, though requiring attention to a standardized protocol, is less volatile than managing a patient in cardiogenic shock. This assignment is appropriate for a competent nurse but does not demand the most experienced team member.

Option 3: A patient with pneumonia who is afebrile with stable vital signs is clinically stable. The administration of IV antibiotics is a routine task with a low level of monitoring intensity. The patient’s condition lacks the complexity and risk of rapid deterioration that would necessitate the most experienced nurse’s skill set.

Option 4: A post-operative day 1 cholecystectomy patient with stable vital signs requiring routine care is the most stable of all the options. The nursing process indicators for this patient, such as assessment frequency and monitoring intensity, would be at a baseline level [1]. The care is predictable and follows a standard post-operative pathway, making this the lowest priority for the most experienced nurse.

Connecting Clinical Acuity to Nursing Process Intensity

The decision to assign the patient in cardiogenic shock to the most experienced nurse is supported by the concept that nursing process indicators—such as assessment frequency, monitoring intensity, and documentation density—serve as proxy markers for clinical acuity and care complexity [1]. A patient requiring vasopressor titration demands the highest possible levels of these indicators. This is not merely about performing tasks but about the cognitive load of continuous clinical surveillance and rapid, informed decision-making. The experienced nurse’s ability to synthesize data from multiple invasive and non-invasive sources and anticipate complications directly impacts the patient’s in-hospital outcome, which remains variable and precarious in AMI even after definitive interventions like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [1].References (research sources)

- [1]Documentation-derived nursing process indicators and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing PCI: A cohort study.Research articleMa H, Yin H, Wu C, Gao J, Yue X, Yu H. (2026) · DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000049375

- [3]Impact of concomitant intra-aortic balloon pump support on outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with veno-arterial ECMO: a propensity-matched analysis.Research articleTodurov M, Todurov B, Mokryk I, Sudakevych S, Chaikovska S, Zelenchuk O, Hutsuliak Y, Maruniak S. (2026) · DOI: 10.1186/s12872-026-05811-y

## 임상 시나리오

Prioritizing Assignments: Hemodynamic InstabilityMatching the most unstable patient to the most experienced nurse
The patient in cardiogenic shock requiring vasopressor support is the priority. This reflects a state of profound hemodynamic instability where the heart’s pumping capacity is severely compromised, demanding moment-to-moment clinical judgment.

Vasopressors like norepinephrine have a very short half-life and are titrated to achieve a target mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 65 mmHg. An experienced nurse is required to interpret subtle changes in invasive hemodynamic monitoring and adjust the drip rate instantly to prevent further decompensation.

CautionDo not assign this patient to a new graduate or float nurse. The risk for lethal arrhythmias and acute pulmonary edema is extremely high, requiring immediate expert recognition and intervention.

## 핵심 개념

- **Cardiogenic Shock** — A state of profound tissue hypoperfusion resulting from cardiac pump failure, often post-MI, characterized by hypotension and end-organ damage.
- **Vasopressor Support** — Intravenous medications (e.g., norepinephrine) used to constrict blood vessels and raise blood pressure in shock states, requiring continuous titration.
- **Priority Setting** — The nursing process of ranking patient needs based on acuity and stability to allocate resources safely, often using frameworks like ABCs or hemodynamic stability.

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