# A nurse is caring for a client with Ménière's syndrome who is experiencing an acute episode of vertigo, nausea, and tinnitus. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement first?

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=541709  
> language: ko  
> subject: Adult Health

## 문제

A nurse is caring for a client with Ménière's syndrome who is experiencing an acute episode of vertigo, nausea, and tinnitus. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement first?

## 보기

1. Administer prescribed antiemetic medication immediately
2. Place the client in a quiet, dimly lit room and encourage bed rest **✔ 정답**
3. Perform a complete neurological assessment
4. Encourage the client to ambulate with assistance to prevent deconditioning

**정답: 2**

## 해설

During an acute Ménière's episode, priority is to reduce sensory stimuli by placing the client in a quiet, dim room to minimize vertigo and nausea. Other interventions are important but secondary to immediate environmental safety.

## 심화 해설

Clinical Judgment
This question asks about the priority nursing intervention during an acute Ménière's Syndrome attack. The key point is that environmental control should take precedence over medication administration or assessment. Since acute vertigo and nausea are worsened by sensory overload, minimizing sensory stimulation is the most urgent safety and comfort intervention. Bed rest in a quiet, dark room is an immediate and effective way to reduce the risk of falls and alleviate symptoms.

Memory Tip
**Q**uiet & **D**ark **F**irst! (Abbreviation: **QDF**) During an acute Ménière's attack, creating a **Q**uiet and **D**ark environment is the **F**irst intervention, before medication.

KR vs US
In Korean clinical practice, there may be a tendency to focus more on administering medications (antiemetics, vestibular suppressants) to control acute symptoms. In contrast, the NGN/US approach prioritizes non-pharmacological intervention through environmental control as the top priority. This aligns with the principles of patient safety (fall prevention) and promoting self-care.

## 임상 시나리오

Clinical Practice Guide
1. Immediate intervention during an acute Ménière's attack: Place the patient in a safe environment (raise the bed rails), dim the lights, and minimize unnecessary noise and conversation.
2. Medication administration: Administer prescribed antiemetics or vestibular suppressants (e.g., meclizine) promptly after environmental adjustments. If oral medication is difficult due to vomiting, consider parenteral administration.
3. Assessment: Perform a comprehensive neurological assessment after acute symptoms have somewhat subsided. Avoid sudden movements or position changes during the attack.

Caution
In "SATA (Select All That Apply)" type questions, if the condition "during an acute attack" is given, "environmental adjustment and bed rest" is almost always the correct answer. "Fall risk assessment" or "maintaining a safe environment" may also be included, but an option that "encourages movement" is never the correct answer.

## 핵심 개념

- **Ménière's Syndrome** — A chronic disease caused by excess endolymph fluid in the inner ear (endolymphatic hydrops). It is characterized by vertigo, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness.
- **Vertigo** — A type of dizziness that creates the illusion of oneself or the surrounding environment moving, known as rotational vertigo. It is a major symptom of Ménière's syndrome and originates from dysfunction of the vestibular system.
- **Tinnitus** — A symptom where sounds are heard inside the ear or head without any external sound stimulation. In Ménière's syndrome, it usually appears as a low-pitched buzzing or roaring sound.
- **Endolymphatic Hydrops** — Endolymphatic hydrops. A condition in which the endolymph fluid within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear is abnormally increased. It is considered the pathophysiological mechanism of Meniere's syndrome.
- **Sensory Stimulation** — Sensory stimulation. This includes visual, auditory, and vestibular sensations. Minimizing these stimuli during an acute Ménière's attack is a key nursing intervention for symptom control.

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