# 服用alosetron的病人主訴出現新的便秘和下腹絞痛。護理師應指導病人怎麼做？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522891&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Adverse Effects/Contraindications/Interactions  
> category: PPT

## 題目

服用alosetron的病人主訴出現新的便秘和下腹絞痛。護理師應指導病人怎麼做？

## 選項

1. 將下一劑量加倍以恢復腸道規律性。
2. 立即停止服用alosetron並聯繫處方醫師，因為必須評估嚴重的便秘併發症或缺血性結腸炎。 **✔ 正確答案**
3. 繼續服用直到出現直腸出血。
4. 下一劑與鴉片類止瀉劑一起服用。

**正確答案: 2**

## 解析

當出現便秘或缺血性結腸炎的徵兆時，必須立即停止服用alosetron。嚴重的腸道併發症可能在未出現直腸出血的情況下發生。

## 深入解析

快速解答
將新的便秘或缺血性結腸炎徵兆作為停止服用alosetron的規則。

為何這是正確的
繼續服用藥物或添加其他減緩腸道蠕動的藥劑可能會加重阻塞或缺血。

簡單類比或心像
建立藥物安全鏈：識別新的徵兆，將其與藥物作用機制或標示限制連結，停止可預防的暴露，穩定病人，並驗證可測量的反應。

記憶點
藥物、緊急徵兆、保護性措施和再評估終點。

NCLEX 決策規則
選擇能預防最直接藥物相關傷害的措施，同時保留指示治療和必要的監測。

為何其他選項是錯誤的
繼續可疑暴露、將標示的危險徵兆正常化、替代未經授權的劑量或延遲升級的選項會使病人處於危險之中。References
1DailyMed: LOTRONEX (alosetron)Immediate discontinuation for constipation or ischemic-colitis symptoms

## 臨床情境

藥物安全審查
核實適應症、當前評估、劑量和途徑、器官功能、交互作用、緊急毒性徵兆、授權行動和可測量的後續追蹤。

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