# 一位服用阿卡波糖 (acarbose) 和胰島素的個案出現出汗、意識模糊，血糖值為 48 mg/dL。護理師應使用哪種碳水化合物？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522884&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Adverse Effects/Contraindications/Interactions  
> category: PPT

## 題目

一位服用阿卡波糖 (acarbose) 和胰島素的個案出現出汗、意識模糊，血糖值為 48 mg/dL。護理師應使用哪種碳水化合物？

## 選項

1. 如果個案能安全吞嚥，可使用口服葡萄糖錠。 **✔ 正確答案**
2. 溶於水中的砂糖。
3. 主要由蔗糖製成的糖果。
4. 阿卡波糖後延遲進餐。

**正確答案: 1**

## 解析

阿卡波糖會延遲蔗糖分解，因此低血糖應使用葡萄糖或右旋糖治療，而非蔗糖。嚴重損傷需要根據規範進行腸道外搶救。

## 深入解析

快速解答
在阿卡波糖治療期間，低血糖應使用葡萄糖，而非砂糖。

為什麼這是正確的
單獨使用阿卡波糖不會引起低血糖，但它會改變胰島素或促分泌劑引起的低血糖應如何糾正。

簡單類比或心像
建立藥物安全鏈：識別新的線索，將其與藥物作用機制或仿單限制連結，停止可預防的暴露，穩定個案，並驗證可測量的反應。

記憶點
藥物、緊急線索、保護措施和再評估終點。

NCLEX 決策規則
選擇能預防最直接藥物相關危害的措施，同時保留指示治療和必要的監測。

為什麼其他選項是錯誤的
繼續可疑暴露、將仿單標示的危險線索正常化、替代未經授權的劑量或延遲升級的選項，都會使個案處於風險之中。References
1DailyMed: Acarbose TabletsUse of glucose rather than sucrose for hypoglycemia

## 臨床情境

藥物安全審查
核實適應症、當前評估、劑量和途徑、器官功能、交互作用、緊急毒性線索、授權行動和可測量的後續追蹤。

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