# 為一位 18 個月大的兒童開立異丙嗪 (promethazine) 治療嘔吐。護理師應採取何種措施？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522653&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Adverse Effects/Contraindications/Interactions  
> category: PPT

## 題目

為一位 18 個月大的兒童開立異丙嗪 (promethazine) 治療嘔吐。護理師應採取何種措施？

## 選項

1. 給予根據體重計算的劑量，因為年齡不影響異丙嗪 (promethazine) 的呼吸風險。
2. 暫停異丙嗪 (promethazine)，並聯繫處方者以取得適合年齡的替代藥物和水合計畫。 **✔ 正確答案**
3. 將異丙嗪 (promethazine) 與另一種鎮靜藥物一起給予，以預防反常性激動。
4. 教導家長在兒童異常嗜睡時重複給藥。

**正確答案: 2**

## 解析

異丙嗪 (promethazine) 禁用于 2 歲以下的兒童，因為在各種根據體重計算的劑量下都曾發生致命性呼吸抑制。

## 深入解析

快速解答
拒絕 對每位小於 2 歲的兒童使用異丙嗪。

為何這是正確的
根據體重計算並不能消除年齡特異性禁忌症。嘔吐仍需要補水和病因評估。

簡單類比或心像
使用以家庭為中心的用藥安全循環：確認年齡或懷孕狀況、識別暴露和新線索、預防進一步傷害、穩定病人，並確認反應。

記憶點
族群、適應症、劑量或途徑、禁忌症、緊急線索、保護措施和再評估。

NCLEX 決策規則
選擇能保護產婦、新生兒或兒童病人免受最直接藥物相關傷害，同時保留經授權治療的措施。

為何其他選項是錯誤的
將危險徵兆正常化、替換未經批准的途徑或劑量，或延遲再評估的選項，會使病人暴露於可預防的傷害中。References
1DailyMed: promethazine hydrochlorideContraindication in pediatric patients younger than 2 years because of potentially fatal respiratory depression

## 臨床情境

產婦、新生兒和兒童用藥安全審查
確認病人的年齡或懷孕階段、適應症、體重或實驗室背景、途徑、交互作用療法、禁忌症、照護者衛教和可測量的後續追蹤。

## 相同主題題目

- [A nurse is reviewing the morning lab results for an adult client receiving warfarin for at…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=360515&lang=zh-tw)
- [A client is admitted to the emergency department after ingesting an unknown amount of acet…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=362720&lang=zh-tw)
- [A client with chronic heart failure is prescribed metoprolol 25 mg orally twice daily. Bef…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=362756&lang=zh-tw)
- [A 28-year-old client with type 1 diabetes receives regular insulin 6 units and NPH insulin…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=362792&lang=zh-tw)
- [A client receives IV vancomycin 1 g every 12 hours for MRSA bacteremia. Before the next do…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=362833&lang=zh-tw)
- [A client with bipolar disorder has been taking lithium carbonate 600 mg orally three times…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=362894&lang=zh-tw)
- [An 80-year-old male with heart failure is prescribed digoxin 0.125 mg daily. During mornin…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=372686&lang=zh-tw)
- [A 38-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis is being discharged with a new prescription…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=372687&lang=zh-tw)

## 以其他語言閱讀

- [en](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522653&lang=en)
- [ko](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522653&lang=ko)
- [ja](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522653&lang=ja)
- [zh-TW](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522653&lang=zh-tw)
- [vi](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=522653&lang=vi)

---

More free questions: [NCLEX-RN 題庫](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_bank.php?lang=zh-tw)

_僅供學習參考。實際臨床請遵循最新指引與所屬機構規範。_