# 護理師在社區診所檢視預防保健需求。下列哪一位無症狀的個案應接受常規一次性腹部主動脈瘤超音波篩檢？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=498731&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Health Screening  
> category: HPM

## 題目

護理師在社區診所檢視預防保健需求。下列哪一位無症狀的個案應接受常規一次性腹部主動脈瘤超音波篩檢？

## 選項

1. 一位 68 歲數年前已戒菸的男性 **✔ 正確答案**
2. 一位 58 歲有 35 包年吸菸史的男性
3. 一位 70 歲有高血壓但無個人吸菸史的女性
4. 一位 80 歲有 40 包年吸菸史的男性

**正確答案: 1**

## 解析

美國預防服務工作小組建議對年齡 65 至 75 歲且曾經吸菸的男性進行一次性超音波篩檢。曾吸菸也算在內；其他個案則不在常規建議的範圍內，或是有反對常規篩檢的建議。

## 深入解析

快速解答
這位 68 歲曾吸菸的男性符合針對曾經吸菸男性的常規一次性篩檢條件。

為什麼這是正確的
腹部主動脈瘤的風險隨年齡、男性性別及吸菸史而增加。預防建議涵蓋了在指定年齡範圍內的現行及曾吸菸者。

簡單比喻或心智圖像
篩檢規則就像一個由性別、年齡及吸菸史組成的三層過濾器。通過每一層就代表符合常規篩檢，但若有症狀或強烈家族史，則可能需要不同的診斷或個人化途徑。

記憶掛鉤
針對常規腹部主動脈瘤篩檢，請想到年齡 65 至 75 歲且曾經吸菸的男性，進行一次超音波。

NCLEX 決策規則
在預防保健考題中，要區分常規篩檢條件與個人化風險評估及診斷性檢查。確認個案的年齡、基於性別的證據族群、吸菸史及無症狀。

為什麼其他選項是錯的
較年輕的男性低於常規年齡範圍。對無吸菸或家族史的女性不建議常規篩檢，而較年長的男性則超出實證年齡範圍。參考文獻

- [1]NCSBN: 2026 NCLEX-RN Test PlanNational Council of State Boards of Nursing

- [2]USPSTF: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ScreeningU.S. Preventive Services Task Force

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