# 一名因災難性腦損傷而預期即將死亡的個案，家屬詢問個案的年齡和病史是否會排除器官捐贈。護理師應採取哪項適當行動？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=498274&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Client Rights  
> category: MOC

## 題目

一名因災難性腦損傷而預期即將死亡的個案，家屬詢問個案的年齡和病史是否會排除器官捐贈。護理師應採取哪項適當行動？

## 選項

1. 藉由檢閱病史來決定個案是否符合捐贈資格
2. 依醫院規定通報器官勸募組織 **✔ 正確答案**
3. 在轉介前先請家屬授權捐贈
4. 等到心臟死亡發生後再聯繫捐贈服務機構

**正確答案: 2**

## 解析

當死亡即將發生或已發生時，醫院必須及時通報指定的器官勸募組織。由器官勸募組織判定醫療適合性，並由受過訓練的代表或指定請求者負責與家屬進行捐贈溝通。

## 深入解析

快速解答
遵循醫院規定，通報指定的器官勸募組織。床邊護理師不應自行判定個案是否為捐贈者。

為什麼這是正確的
及時轉介可保留專家進行適合性評估的機會。年齡、診斷及當前生理狀況可能影響捐贈，但由指定組織評估這些因素，並透過受訓人員協調進行敏感的家屬討論。

簡單比喻或心智圖像
此轉介就像將複雜的檢體送至合格的實驗室，而非在床邊自行判讀。此比較說明了角色界限，但捐贈決策還涉及同意、倫理及尊重的家屬溝通，這是實驗室類比無法涵蓋的。

記憶掛鉤
即將死亡導致及時通報 OPO；由 OPO 判定適合性，並由受訓人員接觸家屬。

NCLEX 決策規則
當 NCLEX 題目詢問誰決定捐贈者適合性時，應選擇及時轉介至指定的器官勸募組織。勿讓床邊護理師篩除個案、延遲至死亡後才轉介，或進行未經協調的捐贈請求。

為什麼其他選項是錯的
護理師不做出最終醫療適合性判定。在轉介前先尋求授權顛倒了正確順序，而等待心臟死亡可能使轉介變得不夠及時。參考文獻

- [1]NCSBN: 2026 NCLEX-RN Test PlanNational Council of State Boards of Nursing

- [2]eCFR: 42 CFR 482.45 Organ, Tissue, and Eye ProcurementElectronic Code of Federal Regulations

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