# 急診室一名兒童出現發燒、咳嗽、結膜炎和廣泛性皮疹。疑似麻疹。護理師應執行哪項隔離措施？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=397152&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Standard/Transmission-Based Precautions/Surgical Asepsis  
> category: SIPC

## 題目

急診室一名兒童出現發燒、咳嗽、結膜炎和廣泛性皮疹。疑似麻疹。護理師應執行哪項隔離措施？

## 選項

1. 將兒童安置在空氣傳染隔離病房。 **✔ 正確答案**
2. 在皮疹消退前採取接觸防護措施。
3. 將此孩童分配到與另一名有皮疹的孩童共用的房間。
4. 給藥時戴上外科口罩。

**正確答案: 1**

## 解析

疑似麻疹需要採取空氣傳染防護措施，並在可行的情況下安置於空氣傳染隔離病房。僅採取接觸防護措施是不夠的。與另一名診斷不明的皮疹兒童同住，可能使雙方都暴露於額外的感染風險。

## 深入解析

臨床判斷
運用個案線索、時間點、檢驗數據及安全風險，選擇最適合「疑似麻疹隔離」情境的回應。

記憶提示
將最強的線索群與最安全的護理判斷配對。

KR vs US
NCLEX 考題獎勵基於線索的優先思考，而非單獨的記憶提取。

## 臨床情境

臨床實務指引
針對「疑似麻疹隔離」，將完整的線索模式與個案當前的穩定性、醫囑數據及預期的護理範圍進行比較。

注意事項
當完整情境改變了優先順序或安全性時，切勿僅根據單一線索選擇行動。

## 重要概念

- **空氣傳染防護措施** — 針對能保持傳染性的微小空氣微粒中病原體所採取的防護措施。
- **麻疹** — 一種透過空氣傳播的高度傳染性病毒性疾病。
- **空氣傳染隔離病房** — 一種旨在減少空氣傳播病原體擴散的病房，通常具有負壓設計。

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