# 將每位照顧者關於急性腸胃炎幼兒的陳述拖曳至護理師回應類別。

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=396458&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Nutrition and Oral Hydration  
> category: BCC

## 題目

將每位照顧者關於急性腸胃炎幼兒的陳述拖曳至護理師回應類別。

**1.** 我會提供少量、頻繁的口服電解質溶液啜飲，並依耐受程度緩慢增加

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Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

**2.** 我會繼續哺乳，並在開始補水後恢復適齡食物

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Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

**3.** 我會用額外的口服電解質溶液補充持續的腹瀉流失量

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Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

**4.** 運動飲料或未稀釋果汁是好的替代品，因為它們含有糖分

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Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

**5.** 除非腹瀉今天停止，否則我會給予非處方止瀉藥

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Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

**6.** 我的孩子變得嗜睡、四肢冰冷，且排尿很少

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Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

**7.** 糞便帶血或嘔吐物呈綠色

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Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

**8.** 我的孩子每次嘗試口服電解質溶液都反覆嘔吐

Select a category
Teaching needs correction
Urgent medical evaluation
Appropriate home hydration and feeding

## 解析

輕度至中度脫水以少量頻繁的口服電解質溶液、補充持續的糞便流失量，以及持續母乳哺育或適齡營養來治療。果汁、汽水和運動飲料沒有適當的葡萄糖-電解質比例，而非處方止瀉藥物對幼童可能不安全。嗜睡、灌注不佳、尿液明顯減少、血便、膽汁性嘔吐，或無法保留液體需要立即評估。

## 深入解析

快速解答
使用少量頻繁的口服電解質溶液並繼續餵食；矯正高糖飲液和未處方止瀉藥；若灌注不佳、尿量極少、出血、膽汁或口服攝入失敗則升級處置。

為何此為正確
口服補水透過平衡的葡萄糖和鈉離子運輸發揮作用，應與早期營養搭配。高糖濃縮飲品可能加重滲透性腹瀉，而嚴重脫水或令人擔憂的診斷需要醫療評估，可能需要靜脈輸液治療。

NCLEX決策規則
同時教導計畫和停止規則：給予什麼液體、如何給予、繼續什麼餵食，以及哪些變化表示居家照護已不再安全。參考資料
1CDC：兒童急性腸胃炎的處置
2CDC：食源性疾病與液體補充

## 臨床情境

居家口服補水
一名20個月大的幼兒有水狀腹瀉和輕度脫水，但意識清醒且能夠飲用。護理師指導口服補水、持續適齡營養、不安全的替代品，以及需要緊急評估的發現。

## 重要概念

- **口服電解質溶液** — 一種平衡的葡萄糖-電解質液體，配製用以補充因腹瀉或嘔吐而流失的水分和鹽分。
- **持續性流失量** — 初始補水後額外流失的液體，例如每次稀便的流失，必須予以補充。
- **膽汁性嘔吐** — 含有膽汁的綠色嘔吐物，是一個令人擔憂的發現，可能表示腸道阻塞，需要緊急評估。

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