# 一位腹部手術後第 1 天的病人。哪項指導有助於預防肺擴張不全？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=394091&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Complications of Procedures  
> category: ROR

## 題目

一位腹部手術後第 1 天的病人。哪項指導有助於預防肺擴張不全？

## 選項

1. 避免咳嗽，因為可能使切口裂開。
2. 保持平躺於床上以減少腹部壓力。
3. 使用淺呼吸以限制疼痛。
4. 規律使用誘發性肺量計，並在咳嗽時按住切口。 **✔ 正確答案**

**正確答案: 4**

## 解析

誘發性肺量計、咳嗽、深呼吸、早期活動和按住切口有助於預防術後肺擴張不全。避免咳嗽和深呼吸會增加分泌物滯留和肺泡塌陷。疼痛控制也能支持有效呼吸。

## 深入解析

臨床判斷
術後肺部需要擴張和清除分泌物。

記憶提示
肺量計、咳嗽、按住、活動。

## 臨床情境

臨床實務指引
術後肺部預防包括深呼吸、誘發性肺量計、咳嗽、疼痛控制及依耐受程度下床活動。

注意事項
因疼痛導致的淺呼吸可能導致肺擴張不全。

## 重要概念

- **肺擴張不全** — 肺組織塌陷或擴張不完全。
- **誘發性肺量計** — 一種鼓勵緩慢深吸氣的裝置。
- **按住切口** — 在咳嗽或移動時支撐切口以減輕疼痛。

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