# 吞嚥困難個案完成吞嚥評估後開始口服進食。哪項護理措施最能降低吸入風險？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=394033&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Mobility/Immobility  
> category: BCC

## 題目

吞嚥困難個案完成吞嚥評估後開始口服進食。哪項護理措施最能降低吸入風險？

## 選項

1. 用吸管給薄液體以加快吞嚥。
2. 讓個案採低 semi-Fowler 姿勢。
3. 鼓勵大口進食以快速完成餐點。
4. 讓個案坐直，並以緩慢速度提供小口食物。 **✔ 正確答案**

**正確答案: 4**

## 解析

吞嚥困難的吸入預防包括依吞嚥計畫採直立姿勢、慢速進食，以及小口或小量啜飲。薄液體、吸管、低姿勢與大口進食對許多個案可能增加吸入風險。護理師應遵循個別吞嚥建議。

## 深入解析

臨床判斷
吞嚥困難照護是在營養攝取中保護呼吸道：姿勢、速度與質地都重要。

記憶重點
坐直、小口、慢慢。

## 臨床情境

實務指引
吞嚥評估後的餵食預防常包括直立姿勢、質地調整、慢速進食，以及監測咳嗽、濕聲或呼吸變化。

注意
若出現咳嗽、嗆咳、濕聲或血氧下降，應停止餵食並重新評估。

## 重要概念

- **吞嚥困難** — 吞嚥困難會增加吸入與營養不良風險。
- **吸入** — 食物、液體或分泌物進入呼吸道。
- **質地調整** — 依個案吞嚥能力改變食物或液體稠度。

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