# A client with COPD becomes short of breath while walking to the bathroom. Which instruction should the nurse give?

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
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> language: en  
> subject: Medical Emergencies  
> category: PA

## Question

A client with COPD becomes short of breath while walking to the bathroom. Which instruction should the nurse give?

## Option

1. Take rapid shallow breaths until the episode passes.
2. Lie flat and hold the breath for 10 seconds.
3. Breathe in and out through the mouth as quickly as possible.
4. Inhale through the nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips. **✔ Correct answer**

**Correct answer: 4**

## Explanation

Pursed-lip breathing helps a client with COPD exhale more effectively and manage dyspnea. Rapid shallow breathing can worsen air trapping. Lying flat or breath-holding can increase respiratory distress.

## In-depth explanation

Clinical Judgment
For COPD dyspnea, slow controlled exhalation helps reduce trapped air and anxiety.

Memory Tip
Smell the roses, blow through a straw.

KR vs US
NCLEX respiratory teaching often asks for the exact breathing pattern, not just oxygen use.

## Clinical scenario

Clinical Practice Guide
MedlinePlus COPD self-care guidance describes pursed-lip breathing as a way to empty the lungs before the next breath and manage shortness of breath.

Caution
Severe distress, cyanosis, chest pain, or altered mental status requires urgent escalation.

## Key concepts

- **COPD** — A chronic lung disease that makes airflow difficult and can cause dyspnea.
- **Pursed-Lip Breathing** — A breathing method using slow exhalation through nearly closed lips.
- **Air Trapping** — Retention of air in the lungs because exhalation is incomplete.

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