# The nurse assesses a 2-year-old child with vomiting and diarrhea. Which finding is most consistent with moderate dehydration?

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> subject: Elimination  
> category: BCC

## Question

The nurse assesses a 2-year-old child with vomiting and diarrhea. Which finding is most consistent with moderate dehydration?

## Option

1. Moist mucous membranes and usual activity
2. No tears when crying and fewer wet diapers **✔ Correct answer**
3. Increased appetite and weight gain
4. Bounding pulses and flushed skin

**Correct answer: 2**

## Explanation

No tears and decreased urine output are expected findings with dehydration in a young child. Moist mucous membranes and usual activity suggest adequate hydration. Weight gain and bounding pulses are not typical signs of dehydration.

## In-depth explanation

Clinical Judgment
Young children can deteriorate quickly, so hydration assessment focuses on mucous membranes, tears, urine output, behavior, and perfusion.

Memory Tip
Dry mouth, no tears, fewer wet diapers.

KR vs US
NCLEX pediatric questions often use diaper count as a practical urine-output clue.

## Clinical scenario

Clinical Practice Guide
Pediatric dehydration assessment commonly includes urine output, tears, mucous membranes, mental status, and perfusion findings.

Caution
Persistent lethargy, poor perfusion, or inability to tolerate fluids requires urgent escalation.

## Key concepts

- **Dehydration** — A fluid deficit caused by inadequate intake, excessive loss, or both.
- **Mucous Membranes** — Moist tissue surfaces assessed for dryness as part of hydration status.
- **Urine Output** — A practical indicator of hydration and kidney perfusion.

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