# 一名個案近期使用抗生素後出現水瀉，C. difficile 檢驗陽性。提供照護後最適當的感染控制行動為何？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=393668&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Standard/Transmission-Based Precautions/Surgical Asepsis  
> category: SIPC

## 題目

一名個案近期使用抗生素後出現水瀉，C. difficile 檢驗陽性。提供照護後最適當的感染控制行動為何？

## 選項

1. 脫手套後使用酒精性乾洗手。
2. 腹瀉期間採飛沫隔離。
3. 移除 PPE 後用肥皂與清水洗手。 **✔ 正確答案**
4. 關門並使用 N95 呼吸防護具。

**正確答案: 3**

## 解析

C. difficile 需要接觸隔離、環境清潔與確實手部衛生。照護已知或疑似 C. difficile 個案後，因孢子不易只靠酒精乾洗手移除，首選肥皂與清水洗手。飛沫或空氣隔離不是其主要途徑。

## 深入解析

臨床判斷
依病原體傳播途徑選擇能移除孢子的手部衛生方式。

記憶重點
C. diff：接觸隔離、隔離衣手套、肥皂與水。

## 臨床情境

實務指引
CDC 指引強調 C. difficile 的手部衛生與接觸隔離遵從，並指出肥皂與水最能預防傳播。

注意
手套可降低污染，但不能取代洗手。

## 重要概念

- **C. difficile** — 可形成孢子的細菌，常在抗生素暴露後造成腹瀉與結腸炎。
- **接觸隔離** — 針對接觸傳播病原體使用隔離衣、手套、專用器材與環境清潔的傳播防護措施。
- **手部衛生** — 在正確時機清潔雙手；C. difficile 暴露後首選肥皂與水。

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