# 護理師教導一名12歲兒童的父母，孩子因運動誘發氣喘開始montelukast。哪個衛教最符合此藥FDA黑框警告？

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=391780&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Crisis Intervention  
> category: PSI

## 題目

護理師教導一名12歲兒童的父母，孩子因運動誘發氣喘開始montelukast。哪個衛教最符合此藥FDA黑框警告？

## 選項

1. 監測新的情緒變化、惡夢、躁動、憂鬱或自殺意念，並立即回報 **✔ 正確答案**
2. 安排每週肝功能檢查
3. 第一個月限制身體活動
4. 治療期間避免所有乳製品

**正確答案: 1**

## 解析

正解 (2): Montelukast有FDA 嚴重神經精神事件黑框警告，包括躁動、憂鬱、睡眠障礙、幻覺、易怒、敵意、焦慮與自殺意念/行為，尤其兒童與青少年需注意。必須教導父母和病人立即回報症狀。(1) Montelukast不需常規LFT，與zafirlukast不同。(3,4) 無關。

## 深入解析

Memory Tip Montelukast = MOOD warning。自2020年有神經精神黑框警告。僅在效益大於精神風險時使用。

## 臨床情境

Scenario 12歲兒童因運動誘發氣喘開始montelukast 5 mg PO HS。父母接受治療前衛教。

## 重要概念

- **LTRA黑框警告** — Montelukast FDA神經精神事件黑框警告；需衛教與監測。
- **白三烯受體拮抗劑** — Montelukast、zafirlukast；控制氣喘與過敏性鼻炎中的發炎介質。
- **心理健康監測** — 使用montelukast者每次回診需篩檢情緒變化。

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