# 選出依法應向公共衛生當局通報之情況。

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=375133&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Safety and Infection Prevention and Control  
> category: SIPC

## 題目

選出依法應向公共衛生當局通報之情況。

1

成人感冒(rhinovirus)

2

4歲兒童確診麻疹

3

多例Salmonella之食源性疫情

4

新診斷肺結核

5

疑腦膜炎雙球菌腦膜炎合併瘀點

## 解析

公共衛生通報依CDC與各州清單(NNDSS)。必報項目:麻疹、百日咳、腦膜炎雙球菌、結核、HIV/AIDS、急性A/B/C肝炎、STI(淋病、梅毒、披衣菌)、食源性疫情(Salmonella、E. coli O157、Listeria)、新興呼吸道病原。感冒不需通報。通報支持接觸追蹤、預防、疫情控制。醫師、檢驗、護理師責任各州不同,護理師為核心角色。

## 深入解析

疑腦膜炎雙球菌即使培養未確診仍須通報 — 公衛緊急,接觸者以rifampin/cipro/ceftriaxone預防。

## 臨床情境

州與CDC通報項目不同但有共同部分。應用CSTE清單。

## 重要概念

- **法定通報傳染病** — 臨床人員與檢驗依法須通報公共衛生之疾病。
- **NNDSS** — CDC運作之國家法定通報疾病監測系統。
- **接觸追蹤** — 找出並通知接觸者以防進一步傳播。

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