# A 52-year-old client is 18 hours post total thyroidectomy. The client reports tingling around the mouth and fingertips, has positive Chvostek and Trousseau signs, and ionized calcium is 0.92 mmol/L. The prescriber orders 1 g calcium gluconate IV. Which administration practice does the nurse implement?

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=375125&lang=en  
> language: en  
> subject: Medical Emergencies  
> category: PA

## Question

A 52-year-old client is 18 hours post total thyroidectomy. The client reports tingling around the mouth and fingertips, has positive Chvostek and Trousseau signs, and ionized calcium is 0.92 mmol/L. The prescriber orders 1 g calcium gluconate IV. Which administration practice does the nurse implement?

## Option

1. Give as an IM injection into the deltoid for faster absorption.
2. Push the entire dose IV in 30 seconds because the client is symptomatic.
3. Mix calcium gluconate in the same line as a sodium bicarbonate infusion.
4. Dilute in 50 to 100 mL D5W and infuse over 10 to 20 minutes via a patent large-bore IV with continuous cardiac monitoring; assess for extravasation and check serum calcium, magnesium, and ECG for QT prolongation. **✔ Correct answer**

**Correct answer: 4**

## Explanation

Postoperative hypocalcemia from inadvertent parathyroid removal or ischemia is the most common life-threatening complication after total thyroidectomy. Symptoms appear when ionized calcium drops below 1.0 mmol/L (or total serum calcium below 8 mg/dL): perioral and fingertip paresthesias, positive Chvostek (facial twitch on cheek tap), positive Trousseau (carpal spasm on BP cuff inflation), muscle cramps, laryngospasm, seizures, and prolonged QT with torsades. Treatment of symptomatic acute hypocalcemia: (1) calcium gluconate 1 to 2 g IV, dilute in 50 to 100 mL D5W (NS is acceptable but D5W is commonly used), and infuse over 10 to 20 minutes — never IV push because rapid administration causes bradyarrhythmia and cardiac arrest, (2) use a large patent peripheral IV or central line; calcium is a vesicant and infiltration causes severe tissue necrosis (extravasation antidote: stop, aspirate, hyaluronidase if available), (3) place the client on continuous cardiac monitor and follow QT, (4) check ionized calcium, total calcium, magnesium (low Mg perpetuates hypocalcemia and must be repleted), albumin, and phosphate, (5) avoid mixing calcium with sodium bicarbonate or phosphate-containing fluids because of precipitation. IM calcium is contraindicated. Ongoing therapy: oral calcium plus vitamin D, possibly calcitriol, and parathyroid hormone monitoring. Airway management readiness for laryngospasm.

## In-depth explanation

IV calcium gluconate is always diluted, infused slowly, and given through a large-bore line with cardiac monitoring. The two NCLEX trap behaviors are pushing it fast and mixing it with sodium bicarbonate (precipitates).

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