# 一位護理師正在為一位其靈性習俗與她自身不同的個案提供臨終照護。下列哪些行動反映了具備文化謙遜的靈性照護？（選擇所有適用項目）

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=375081&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Basic Care and Comfort  
> category: BCC

## 題目

一位護理師正在為一位其靈性習俗與她自身不同的個案提供臨終照護。下列哪些行動反映了具備文化謙遜的靈性照護？（選擇所有適用項目）

1

以FICA(Faith、Importance、Community、Address)評估靈性

2

與家屬選擇之靈性領袖合作而非僅靠醫院牧靈師

3

可行時提供家屬進行儀式之私人空間與時間

4

建議家屬採用護理師自己的信仰以獲安慰

5

詢問死亡、遺體照護、祈禱之具體儀式

## 解析

具備文化謙遜的靈性照護包含：使用如FICA等工具進行結構性評估、與家屬所選定的靈性領袖合作、詢問關於死亡及身體照護的特定儀式（例如：不移除某些宗教物品、在身體照護前進行禱告、由家屬處理遺體），並在可行時提供私密空間與時間。將護理師自身的信念強加於人是一種界限侵犯，且與文化謙遜不相容。對個人偏見的自我覺察至關重要。

## 深入解析

文化謙遜=終身自省並認識權力差距,與尊重的夥伴關係。佛教:臨終誦念、一段時間遺體不動、家屬主導淨身為常見。

## 臨床情境

病人說華語,家庭信仰佛教,有特定臨終儀式。

## 重要概念

- **文化謙遜** — 終身學習姿態,認識權力差距與自我偏見。
- **FICA工具** — 靈性評估:Faith、Importance、Community、Address。
- **靈性照護** — 於重症中認識意義、超越與靈性困苦之照護。

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