# 根據現行的 USPSTF 建議，護理師應將哪些個案轉介進行腹主動脈瘤 (AAA) 篩檢？(請選取所有適用選項)

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=375017&lang=zh-tw  
> language: zh-TW  
> subject: Health Promotion and Maintenance  
> category: HPM

## 題目

根據現行的 USPSTF 建議，護理師應將哪些個案轉介進行腹主動脈瘤 (AAA) 篩檢？(請選取所有適用選項)

1

68歲男性,每日1包共20年

2

一名67歲男性，15年前戒菸，一生中曾吸菸超過100支。

3

55歲男性,現吸菸者,無症狀

4

70歲男性,非吸菸者,AAA家族史顯著

5

一名64歲男性，從未吸菸，且無家族史或其他主要 AAA 風險因子。

## 解析

USPSTF 建議對年齡 65–75 歲且曾吸菸的無症狀男性進行一次超音波篩檢，定義為一生中至少吸菸 100 支，因此選項 1 和 2 符合條件。對於年齡 65–75 歲從未吸菸的男性，在考量家族史、其他風險因子、價值觀、益處和傷害後，可選擇性提供篩檢；選項 4 適合用於共享決策。選項 3 和 5 中的較年輕男性不涵蓋常規篩檢。對於年齡 65–75 歲曾吸菸或有家族史的女性，USPSTF 認為證據不足，而非發布常規篩檢建議。

## 深入解析

USPSTF等級:A=強建議、B=中度建議、C=選擇性、D=不建議、I=證據不足。

## 臨床情境

門診預防保健。應用USPSTF 2019 AAA篩檢指引。

## 重要概念

- **腹主動脈瘤** — 腎下主動脈局部擴張>3 cm — 隨大小增加破裂風險上升。
- **USPSTF** — 美國預防服務工作小組 — 實證為基礎之預防指引。
- **一次性篩檢** — 於建議年齡做單次超音波,正常者不重複。

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