# The patient presented with _____, a condition characterized by the presence of protein in the urine indicating kidney damage.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168476  
> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the genitourinary system

## 문제

The patient presented with _____, a condition characterized by the presence of protein in the urine indicating kidney damage.

## 보기

1. proteinuria **✔ 정답**
2. hematuria
3. glycosuria
4. pyuria
5. oliguria

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Proteinuria is the presence of excess protein in the urine, often indicating kidney damage or disease. Normally, proteins are too large to pass through healthy kidney filters. When these filters are damaged, proteins leak into the urine. This condition can be a early sign of kidney disease and requires careful monitoring and treatment of underlying causes.

## 임상 시나리오

Proteinuria
- Definition: Abnormal presence of proteins in urine (>150mg/24h)
- Types: Transient, Orthostatic, Persistent
- Causes: Diabetes, Hypertension, Glomerulonephritis
- Symptoms: Foamy urine, Edema, Fatigue
- Diagnosis: Dipstick test, 24-hour urine collection
- Risk factors: Obesity, Age, Family history
- Complications: Chronic kidney disease, End-stage renal disease
- Treatment: ACE inhibitors, ARBs, Dietary modifications
- Prevention: Blood pressure control, Blood sugar management
- Clinical significance: Early marker of kidney damage
- Associated conditions: Nephrotic syndrome, Preeclampsia
- Monitoring: Regular urinalysis, Protein-creatinine ratio
- Laboratory values: Normal 3.5g/24h
- Pathophysiology: Glomerular filtration barrier damage
- Management: Regular follow-up, Lifestyle modifications

## 핵심 개념

- **proteinuria** — The presence of excess protein in the urine, which occurs when kidney filters are damaged, allowing proteins to leak into urine
- **hematuria** — The presence of red blood cells in the urine, which can indicate various urinary tract or kidney conditions
- **glycosuria** — The presence of glucose in the urine, often associated with diabetes or impaired glucose reabsorption in kidneys
- **pyuria** — The presence of white blood cells in the urine, typically indicating urinary tract infection or inflammation
- **oliguria** — Decreased urine production, typically defined as urine output less than 400-500 mL per 24 hours in adults

## 같은 주제 문제

- [Patient presents with ______ failure, showing elevated creatinine, hyperkalemia, and metab…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168332)
- [Patient's urinalysis shows ______ casts, suggesting acute tubular necrosis.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168342)
- [Patient has ______ retention with bladder volume >800mL on ultrasound.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168351)
- [Patient exhibits ______ syndrome with severe proteinuria and edema.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168353)
- [Patient has ______ stone causing complete ureteral obstruction.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168368)
- [Patient experienced acute _____, a sudden decrease in kidney function leading to accumulat…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168441)
- [The patient experienced _____, abnormal uterine bleeding occurring between regular menstru…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168446)
- [The ultrasound revealed _____, an abnormal accumulation of urine in the kidney due to obst…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168460)

---

More free questions: [기출문제](https://mymerci.kr/)

_학습 참고용입니다. 실제 임상은 최신 지침과 소속 기관 프로토콜을 따르세요._