# MRI revealed _____, a condition where the protective covering of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord is damaged.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168462  
> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the nervous system

## 문제

MRI revealed _____, a condition where the protective covering of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord is damaged.

## 보기

1. myelitis **✔ 정답**
2. neuritis
3. encephalitis
4. meningitis
5. radiculitis

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Myelitis refers to inflammation of the spinal cord's white matter, specifically affecting the myelin sheath that surrounds nerve fibers. This condition can disrupt nerve signal transmission, leading to various neurological symptoms. Common causes include autoimmune disorders, infections, and demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis. Symptoms may include weakness, paralysis, sensory changes, and bladder/bowel dysfunction.

## 임상 시나리오

1. Myelitis
- Inflammation of spinal cord's white matter
- Affects myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers
- Disrupts nerve signal transmission
- Can be acute or chronic
- Common symptoms: paralysis, weakness, sensory loss

2. Demyelinating Diseases
- Multiple sclerosis (MS)
- Transverse myelitis
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
- Neuromyelitis optica (NMO)

3. Diagnostic Methods
- MRI with contrast
- Lumbar puncture
- Blood tests
- Evoked potential tests

4. Treatment Options
- Corticosteroids
- Plasma exchange
- Immunosuppressive medications
- Physical therapy
- Occupational therapy

5. Risk Factors
- Autoimmune disorders
- Viral infections
- Bacterial infections
- Genetic predisposition
- Environmental factors

## 핵심 개념

- **myelitis** — Inflammation of the spinal cord's white matter, specifically affecting the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers, causing disruption in nerve signal transmission
- **neuritis** — Inflammation of a nerve or nerves, typically causing pain, weakness, and impaired function in the affected area
- **encephalitis** — Inflammation of the brain tissue, often caused by viral infections, leading to symptoms like headache, fever, confusion, and seizures
- **meningitis** — Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, typically caused by infection, characterized by fever, headache, and neck stiffness
- **radiculitis** — Inflammation of a nerve root, often causing radiating pain, numbness, and tingling along the affected nerve pathway

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