# The patient presented with _____, a metabolic disorder characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168456  
> language: ko  
> subject: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

## 문제

The patient presented with _____, a metabolic disorder characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production.

## 보기

1. thyrotoxicosis **✔ 정답**
2. hypothyroidism
3. thyroiditis
4. goiter
5. myxedema

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Thyrotoxicosis is a condition of excess thyroid hormone in the body. It can be caused by Graves' disease, toxic nodular goiter, or thyroiditis. Common symptoms include rapid heartbeat, anxiety, tremors, weight loss despite increased appetite, heat intolerance, and exophthalmos. The condition affects multiple body systems due to the widespread effects of thyroid hormones.

## 임상 시나리오

Thyrotoxicosis:
- Definition: Excess thyroid hormone in bloodstream
- Causes: Graves' disease, toxic nodular goiter, thyroiditis
- Symptoms:
* Tachycardia
* Anxiety
* Tremors
* Weight loss
* Heat intolerance
* Exophthalmos
* Sweating
* Insomnia
- Diagnosis:
* TSH levels (decreased)
* T3, T4 levels (elevated)
* Radioactive iodine uptake test
- Treatment:
* Antithyroid drugs (methimazole, propylthiouracil)
* Beta-blockers
* Radioactive iodine therapy
* Thyroidectomy
- Complications:
* Thyroid storm
* Cardiac problems
* Osteoporosis
* Eye problems

## 핵심 개념

- **thyrotoxicosis** — A condition characterized by excessive levels of thyroid hormones in the body, leading to increased metabolic rate and various systemic symptoms
- **hypothyroidism** — A condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone, resulting in slowed metabolism and various systemic effects
- **thyroiditis** — Inflammation of the thyroid gland that can cause either excess or deficient hormone production depending on the phase and type
- **goiter** — An enlarged thyroid gland that can be seen as a swelling in the neck, which may be associated with normal, increased, or decreased thyroid function
- **myxedema** — A severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by swelling of tissues, particularly in the face, and slowing of physical and mental functions

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