# The pathology report indicated _____, an abnormal growth that can expand locally but doesn't spread to other parts of the body.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168454  
> language: ko  
> subject: Neoplasms

## 문제

The pathology report indicated _____, an abnormal growth that can expand locally but doesn't spread to other parts of the body.

## 보기

1. neoplasia **✔ 정답**
2. metastasis
3. dysplasia
4. anaplasia
5. hyperplasia

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Benign neoplasia refers to an abnormal growth of cells that remains localized and doesn't invade surrounding tissues or spread to other parts of the body. Unlike malignant tumors, benign neoplasms grow slowly, are usually encapsulated, and don't metastasize. However, they can still cause problems by pressing on nearby structures or producing excess hormones.

## 임상 시나리오

Key Points about Neoplasia:

1. Types of Neoplasia
- Benign: non-invasive, well-circumscribed
- Malignant: invasive, can metastasize

2. Characteristics of Benign Neoplasia
- Slow growth rate
- Well-differentiated cells
- Encapsulated structure
- No metastasis
- Local expansion only
- Clear borders

3. Clinical Features
- Mass effect on adjacent structures
- Hormone production possible
- Reversible process
- Good prognosis
- Surgical removal usually curative

4. Diagnostic Criteria
- Histological examination
- Cell organization
- Growth pattern
- Nuclear characteristics
- Tissue architecture

5. Cellular Changes
- Controlled cell division
- Maintained cell differentiation
- Normal cell maturation
- Regular nuclear morphology
- Preserved tissue organization

## 핵심 개념

- **neoplasia** — An abnormal growth of tissue that can be either benign or malignant, characterized by uncontrolled cell division and growth that serves no physiological function
- **metastasis** — The spread of cancer cells from the primary site to other parts of the body through blood vessels or lymphatic system
- **dysplasia** — Abnormal cellular development or growth of cells resulting in altered size, shape, and organization within tissue
- **anaplasia** — Loss of cellular differentiation and structural organization in cells, typically seen in malignant tumors
- **hyperplasia** — An increase in the number of normal cells in a tissue or organ, resulting in increased size but maintaining normal cellular structure

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