# Initial assessment revealed severe _____, a condition of inadequate blood flow to body tissues resulting in cell death.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168445  
> language: ko  
> subject: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified

## 문제

Initial assessment revealed severe _____, a condition of inadequate blood flow to body tissues resulting in cell death.

Source: Scene from ER Season 8, Episode 3

## 보기

1. shock **✔ 정답**
2. trauma
3. edema
4. coma
5. stress

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Shock is a life-threatening condition where there is insufficient blood flow to meet the body's metabolic demands. It can be cardiogenic (heart failure), hypovolemic (blood loss), distributive (sepsis), or obstructive (pulmonary embolism). Signs include low blood pressure, rapid pulse, cold/clammy skin, and altered mental status. Immediate intervention is crucial for survival.

## 임상 시나리오

Shock Types and Characteristics:
- Cardiogenic shock: Heart fails to pump effectively
- Hypovolemic shock: Severe blood/fluid loss
- Distributive shock: Blood vessel dilation causing poor distribution
- Obstructive shock: Physical obstruction of blood flow
- Neurogenic shock: Loss of sympathetic tone

Clinical Signs:
- Hypotension (BP < 90 systolic)
- Tachycardia
- Decreased urine output
- Mental status changes
- Cool extremities
- Weak pulse
- Rapid breathing

Treatment Priorities:
- Airway maintenance
- Breathing support
- Circulation restoration
- Fluid resuscitation
- Identify/treat underlying cause
- Continuous monitoring
- Medication administration

Shock Stages:
- Compensated
- Progressive
- Irreversible

Vital Signs Monitoring:
- Blood pressure
- Heart rate
- Respiratory rate
- Temperature
- Oxygen saturation
- Mental status

## 핵심 개념

- **shock** — A life-threatening condition characterized by inadequate blood flow to body tissues, leading to cellular dysfunction and potential organ failure
- **trauma** — Physical injury or wound caused by external force or violence, which can result in damage to body tissues and organs
- **edema** — Abnormal accumulation of fluid in body tissues, causing swelling and puffiness in affected areas
- **coma** — A state of deep unconsciousness from which a person cannot be awakened, often resulting from severe injury or illness
- **stress** — The body's physical and psychological response to demanding situations, which can affect various physiological functions and overall health

## 같은 주제 문제

- [Patient's arterial blood gas shows severe ______, with pH 7.1 and elevated PaCO2.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168329)
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