# The patient was diagnosed with _____, a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in activities.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168440  
> language: ko  
> subject: Mental and behavioural disorders

## 문제

The patient was diagnosed with _____, a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in activities.

Source: Scene from House M.D. Season 4, Episode 15

## 보기

1. depression **✔ 정답**
2. anxiety
3. schizophrenia
4. insomnia
5. dementia

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Depression, or major depressive disorder, is a serious mood disorder affecting how a person feels, thinks, and behaves. It's characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, difficulty concentrating, and in severe cases, thoughts of death or suicide. It significantly impacts daily functioning and quality of life.

## 임상 시나리오

Depression:
- Symptoms: persistent sadness, loss of interest, fatigue, sleep disturbances, appetite changes, difficulty concentrating
- Types: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD), Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
- Risk factors: genetics, trauma, stress, medical conditions, substance abuse
- Treatment options: psychotherapy (CBT, IPT), antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs), lifestyle changes
- Physical symptoms: headaches, body aches, digestive problems
- Cognitive symptoms: negative thoughts, poor self-esteem, indecisiveness
- Behavioral changes: social withdrawal, reduced productivity, neglect of responsibilities
- Diagnostic criteria: symptoms present for at least 2 weeks
- Impact: affects work, relationships, daily activities
- Prevention: regular exercise, stress management, social support, healthy sleep habits

## 핵심 개념

- **depression** — A mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in sleep and appetite, and difficulty concentrating, which can significantly impact daily life and overall wellbeing
- **anxiety** — A mental health disorder characterized by excessive worry, fear, and unease, often accompanied by physical symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, and trembling
- **schizophrenia** — A severe mental disorder characterized by disruptions in thought processes, perceptions, emotional responsiveness, and social interactions, often including hallucinations and delusions
- **insomnia** — A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, leading to inadequate or poor-quality sleep and daytime impairment
- **dementia** — A general term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life, including memory loss and impaired thinking, communication, and behavior

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