# The chest X-ray showed _____, an acute inflammatory condition of the lung tissue typically caused by bacterial or viral infection.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168433  
> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the respiratory system

## 문제

The chest X-ray showed _____, an acute inflammatory condition of the lung tissue typically caused by bacterial or viral infection.

## 보기

1. pneumonia **✔ 정답**
2. bronchitis
3. emphysema
4. pleurisy
5. atelectasis

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Pneumonia is inflammation of the lung tissue (alveoli) caused by infection. It can be bacterial, viral, or fungal in origin. Characterized by consolidation on chest X-ray, symptoms include fever, cough with sputum, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. The condition causes air spaces to fill with fluid or pus, affecting gas exchange.

## 임상 시나리오

Pneumonia:
- Acute inflammatory condition affecting alveoli and lung parenchyma
- Common pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, respiratory viruses
- Clinical features: fever, productive cough, dyspnea, chest pain, tachypnea
- Radiological findings: consolidation, air bronchograms, pleural effusion
- Physical examination: decreased breath sounds, crackles, bronchial breathing
- Diagnostic tests: chest X-ray, blood cultures, sputum analysis, CBC
- Treatment options: antibiotics, supportive care, oxygen therapy
- Complications: pleural effusion, empyema, respiratory failure, sepsis
- Risk factors: age, immunosuppression, smoking, COPD, diabetes
- Prevention: vaccination, hand hygiene, smoking cessation

## 핵심 개념

- **pneumonia** — An acute inflammatory condition of lung tissue characterized by infection of the alveoli, causing them to fill with fluid or pus. It results in impaired gas exchange and symptoms like fever, cough, and breathing difficulty.
- **bronchitis** — Inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to and from the lungs, typically causing coughing with mucus production, chest discomfort, and shortness of breath.
- **emphysema** — A chronic lung condition where the alveoli become damaged and enlarged, leading to reduced lung elasticity and difficulty exhaling. It's often caused by smoking and results in progressive shortness of breath.
- **pleurisy** — Inflammation of the pleura, the thin tissue that lines the lungs and chest wall, causing sharp chest pain that worsens with breathing. It can be caused by various conditions including infections and autoimmune disorders.
- **atelectasis** — A complete or partial collapse of lung tissue, where air sacs become deflated and unable to expand properly. It can be caused by blockage of airways, pressure on the lung, or lack of deep breathing.

## 같은 주제 문제

- [Chest X-ray shows bilateral ______ infiltrates consistent with ARDS.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168339)
- [Patient requires immediate ______ tube placement for airway protection.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168355)
- [Patient requires ______ ventilation for acute respiratory failure.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168360)
- [Patient has acute ______ otitis media requiring myringotomy.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168371)
- [Patient requires isolation for suspected ______ tuberculosis.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168372)
- [Patient develops acute ______ syndrome requiring prone positioning.](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168374)
- [The patient demonstrates ______ breathing, where breathing effort increases but chest wall…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168394)
- [The nurse observes ______ breathing during the patient's sleep, showing alternating period…](https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168409)

---

More free questions: [기출문제](https://mymerci.kr/)

_학습 참고용입니다. 실제 임상은 최신 지침과 소속 기관 프로토콜을 따르세요._