# The patient was diagnosed with _____, characterized by chest pain and shortness of breath due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.

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> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168432  
> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the circulatory system

## 문제

The patient was diagnosed with _____, characterized by chest pain and shortness of breath due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.

## 보기

1. angina **✔ 정답**
2. syncope
3. dyspnea
4. arrhythmia
5. tachycardia

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Angina is chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to heart muscle (myocardial ischemia). It's typically triggered by physical exertion or emotional stress. Unlike myocardial infarction, angina pain is temporary and resolves with rest or medication. It's often described as pressure, squeezing, or burning sensation in the chest.

## 임상 시나리오

Angina
- Types: stable, unstable, variant (Prinzmetal's)
- Common symptoms: chest pain, pressure, tightness
- Risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity
- Treatment options: nitroglycerin, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers
- Diagnostic tests: ECG, stress test, coronary angiography
- Prevention: lifestyle modifications, regular exercise, healthy diet
- Associated conditions: coronary artery disease (CAD), atherosclerosis
- Complications: myocardial infarction, heart failure
- Key medications: aspirin, statins, ACE inhibitors
- Warning signs: increasing frequency, severity of symptoms

## 핵심 개념

- **angina** — A condition characterized by chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, typically triggered by physical exertion or stress
- **syncope** — A temporary loss of consciousness caused by a sudden drop in blood flow to the brain, commonly known as fainting
- **dyspnea** — Difficult or labored breathing, often described as shortness of breath or breathlessness
- **arrhythmia** — An irregular heartbeat or abnormal heart rhythm where the heart beats too fast, too slow, or with an irregular pattern
- **tachycardia** — A condition where the heart beats faster than normal, typically more than 100 beats per minute at rest

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